Jelena Juri Mandić1, Ana Kozmar2, Sanja Kusačić-Kuna3, Anamarija Jazbec4, Krešimir Mandić5, Danijela Mrazovac5, Nenad Vukojević5. 1. Department of Ophthalmology, Clinical Hospital Centre Zagreb, Medical School University of Zagreb, Kispaticeva 12, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia. jjuri@kbc-zagreb.hr. 2. Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Clinical Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia. 3. Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiation Protection, Clinical Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia. 4. Department for Mathematics and Statistical Analysis, Faculty of Forestry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia. 5. Department of Ophthalmology, Clinical Hospital Centre Zagreb, Medical School University of Zagreb, Kispaticeva 12, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Simultaneous analyses of the contents and ratios of 12 cytokines and growth factors in single samples of human tears were performed, and the results were compared between a group of healthy subjects and a group of patients with Graves' hyperthyreosis (GH) without thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO). METHODS: Determinations and concentration measurements of interleukins (IL-2, IL4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-1α, and IL-1β) interferon (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and epidermal growth factor (EGF) were performed with single tear samples from 21 patients with hyperthyreosis and 22 healthy subjects. The analyses were performed using a Randox microchip with an Evidence Biochip Array Analyzer. RESULTS: We found significant differences between the healthy donor group and the hyperthyreosis group in the levels of IL-6, IL-10, VEGF, IL-1α, and MCP-1. The concentration of IL-6 was considerably higher in the hyperthyreosis group, IL-10 was higher in the healthy donor group, and VEGF and MPC-1 were higher in the hyperthyreosis group. The IL-8 and IFN-γ levels were higher in the hyperthyreosis group. The ratios of all of the cytokines to anti-inflammatory IL-10 were significantly elevated in the hyperthyreosis group. CONCLUSION: There are clear differences in the levels of cytokines and growth factors in the tears of healthy subjects and patients with GH without TAO. Tear cytokine changes and related dysfunctional tear syndrome (DTS) could be an early sign of occult TAO in Graves' hyperthyreosis patients.
PURPOSE: Simultaneous analyses of the contents and ratios of 12 cytokines and growth factors in single samples of human tears were performed, and the results were compared between a group of healthy subjects and a group of patients with Graves' hyperthyreosis (GH) without thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO). METHODS: Determinations and concentration measurements of interleukins (IL-2, IL4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-1α, and IL-1β) interferon (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and epidermal growth factor (EGF) were performed with single tear samples from 21 patients with hyperthyreosis and 22 healthy subjects. The analyses were performed using a Randox microchip with an Evidence Biochip Array Analyzer. RESULTS: We found significant differences between the healthy donor group and the hyperthyreosis group in the levels of IL-6, IL-10, VEGF, IL-1α, and MCP-1. The concentration of IL-6 was considerably higher in the hyperthyreosis group, IL-10 was higher in the healthy donor group, and VEGF and MPC-1 were higher in the hyperthyreosis group. The IL-8 and IFN-γ levels were higher in the hyperthyreosis group. The ratios of all of the cytokines to anti-inflammatory IL-10 were significantly elevated in the hyperthyreosis group. CONCLUSION: There are clear differences in the levels of cytokines and growth factors in the tears of healthy subjects and patients with GH without TAO. Tear cytokine changes and related dysfunctional tear syndrome (DTS) could be an early sign of occult TAO in Graves' hyperthyreosispatients.
Authors: M Salvi; G Girasole; M Pedrazzoni; M Passeri; N Giuliani; R Minelli; L E Braverman; E Roti Journal: J Clin Endocrinol Metab Date: 1996-08 Impact factor: 5.958
Authors: E B Cook; J L Stahl; L Lowe; R Chen; E Morgan; J Wilson; R Varro; A Chan; F M Graziano; N P Barney Journal: J Immunol Methods Date: 2001-08-01 Impact factor: 2.303
Authors: Jin Sook Yoon; Soo Hyun Choi; Joon H Lee; Sung Jun Lee; Sang Yeul Lee Journal: Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol Date: 2009-10-21 Impact factor: 3.117
Authors: Harkaran S Rana; Sruti S Akella; Carson E Clabeaux; Zachary P Skurski; Vinay K Aakalu Journal: Ocul Surf Date: 2022-02-12 Impact factor: 6.268