Kane E Deering1, Anna C Callan2, Richard L Prince3, Wai H Lim3, Peter L Thompson4, Joshua R Lewis5, Andrea L Hinwood6, Amanda Devine1. 1. School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia. 2. School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia. Electronic address: a.callan@ecu.edu.au. 3. School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia. 4. Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia. 5. School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia; University of Sydney, School of Public Health, Centre for Kidney Research, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia. 6. Centre for Ecosystem Management, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA Australia.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cadmium has been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in observational studies, however there has been a limited focus on this relationship in women. OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the association of urinary cadmium (UCd) concentrations with CVD outcomes and all-cause mortality in elderly Western Australian (WA) women. METHODS: UCd excretion was measured at baseline in 1359 women, mean age 75.2 ± 2.7 years and 14.5 years of atherosclerotic vascular disease (ASVD) hospitalisations and deaths, including both the principle cause of death and all associated causes of death. Health outcome data were retrieved from the Western Australian Data Linkage System. Cox regression analysis was used to estimate hazard ratios of ASVD and all-cause mortality. UCd was ln-transformed and models were adjusted for demographic and CVD risk factors. RESULTS: Median (IQR) concentration of UCd was 0.18 (0.09-0.32) μg/L. In multivariable-adjusted analyses per ln unit (equivalent to ∼2.7 fold) increase in UCd, there was a 36% increase in the risk of death from heart failure and 17% increase in the risk of a heart failure event, respectively (HR = 1.36, 95% CI 1.11-1.67; HR = 1.17, 95% CI 1.01-1.35). When analyses were restricted to never smokers the relationship between UCd and death from heart failure remained (HR 1.29, 95% CI 1.01-1.63). CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that even at low levels of exposure cadmium may be associated with heart failure hospitalisations and deaths in older women, however given the dilute nature of these urine samples, the results must be interpreted with caution.
BACKGROUND:Cadmium has been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in observational studies, however there has been a limited focus on this relationship in women. OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the association of urinary cadmium (UCd) concentrations with CVD outcomes and all-cause mortality in elderly Western Australian (WA) women. METHODS: UCd excretion was measured at baseline in 1359 women, mean age 75.2 ± 2.7 years and 14.5 years of atherosclerotic vascular disease (ASVD) hospitalisations and deaths, including both the principle cause of death and all associated causes of death. Health outcome data were retrieved from the Western Australian Data Linkage System. Cox regression analysis was used to estimate hazard ratios of ASVD and all-cause mortality. UCd was ln-transformed and models were adjusted for demographic and CVD risk factors. RESULTS: Median (IQR) concentration of UCd was 0.18 (0.09-0.32) μg/L. In multivariable-adjusted analyses per ln unit (equivalent to ∼2.7 fold) increase in UCd, there was a 36% increase in the risk of death from heart failure and 17% increase in the risk of a heart failure event, respectively (HR = 1.36, 95% CI 1.11-1.67; HR = 1.17, 95% CI 1.01-1.35). When analyses were restricted to never smokers the relationship between UCd and death from heart failure remained (HR 1.29, 95% CI 1.01-1.63). CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that even at low levels of exposure cadmium may be associated with heart failure hospitalisations and deaths in older women, however given the dilute nature of these urine samples, the results must be interpreted with caution.
Authors: Kai Kisielinski; Paul Giboni; Andreas Prescher; Bernd Klosterhalfen; David Graessel; Stefan Funken; Oliver Kempski; Oliver Hirsch Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2021-04-20 Impact factor: 3.390
Authors: Kijoon Kim; Melissa M Melough; Junichi R Sakaki; Kyungho Ha; Dalia Marmash; Hwayoung Noh; Ock K Chun Journal: Nutrients Date: 2019-12-24 Impact factor: 5.717
Authors: Sabina Cauci; Michael Tavano; Francesco Curcio; Maria Pia Francescato Journal: Environ Sci Pollut Res Int Date: 2021-12-02 Impact factor: 5.190
Authors: Barbara M Onopiuk; Zofia N Dąbrowska; Joanna Rogalska; Malgorzata M Brzóska; Adam Dąbrowski; Kamil Bijowski; Pawel Onopiuk; Barbara Mroczko; Karolina Orywal; Ewa Dąbrowska Journal: Oxid Med Cell Longev Date: 2021-12-31 Impact factor: 6.543