Jean Joel Bigna1, Jobert Richie Nansseu2, Jean-Claude Katte3, Jean Jacques Noubiap4. 1. Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Centre Pasteur of Cameroon, Yaoundé, Cameroon; School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris Sud XI, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France. Electronic address: bignarimjj@yahoo.fr. 2. Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon; Department of Disease, Epidemics and Pandemics Control, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon. Electronic address: jobertrichie_nansseu@yahoo.fr. 3. Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon. Electronic address: jckatte@gmail.com. 4. Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa. Electronic address: noubiapjj@yahoo.fr.
Abstract
AIMS: To summarize current data on the prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes mellitus in Cameroon. METHODS: Population-based cross-sectional studies published between January 1, 2000 and April 30, 2017 including apparently healthy adults residing in Cameroon were searched in PubMed, EMBASE, African Journals Online, and African Index Medicus. We used a random-effects model to pool data. RESULTS: All included studies had a low risk of bias. Six studies were conducted in an urban setting only, one in a rural setting only, and five in both settings. The overall prevalence of diabetes mellitus was 5.8% (95%CI 4.1-7.9; 12 studies) in a pooled sample of 37,147 participants. The prevalence of prediabetes was 7.1% (95%CI: 3.0-21.9; 4 studies) in a pooled sample of 5,872 people. In univariable meta-regression analysis, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus increased with age, hypertension, overweight and obesity. There was no difference for sex and settings (rural versus urban). CONCLUSIONS: This study reports a relatively high prevalence of diabetes mellitus and prediabetes in Cameroon, with no difference between urban and rural settings and between sexes. The main drivers include increasing age, overweight and obesity. Community-based educational programs are needed to tackle the burden of the disease in the country.
AIMS: To summarize current data on the prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes mellitus in Cameroon. METHODS: Population-based cross-sectional studies published between January 1, 2000 and April 30, 2017 including apparently healthy adults residing in Cameroon were searched in PubMed, EMBASE, African Journals Online, and African Index Medicus. We used a random-effects model to pool data. RESULTS: All included studies had a low risk of bias. Six studies were conducted in an urban setting only, one in a rural setting only, and five in both settings. The overall prevalence of diabetes mellitus was 5.8% (95%CI 4.1-7.9; 12 studies) in a pooled sample of 37,147 participants. The prevalence of prediabetes was 7.1% (95%CI: 3.0-21.9; 4 studies) in a pooled sample of 5,872 people. In univariable meta-regression analysis, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus increased with age, hypertension, overweight and obesity. There was no difference for sex and settings (rural versus urban). CONCLUSIONS: This study reports a relatively high prevalence of diabetes mellitus and prediabetes in Cameroon, with no difference between urban and rural settings and between sexes. The main drivers include increasing age, overweight and obesity. Community-based educational programs are needed to tackle the burden of the disease in the country.
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