Carlotta Blod1, Nadine Schlichting1,2, Sara Schülin1, Anne Suttkus1, Nicole Peukert1, Catalina Suzana Stingu3, Christian Hirsch4, Wieland Elger4, Martin Lacher1, Ulf Bühligen1, Steffi Mayer5. 1. Department of Pediatric Surgery, University of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 20A, 04103, Leipzig, Germany. 2. Experimental surgery/CardiOMICs research group, Department of Diagnostics and New Technologies, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), Leipzig, Germany. 3. Institute for Medical Microbiology and Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. 4. Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Primary Prevention, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. 5. Department of Pediatric Surgery, University of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 20A, 04103, Leipzig, Germany. steffi.mayer@medizin.uni-leipzig.de.
Abstract
PURPOSE: The oral microbiome has been related to numerous extra oral diseases. Recent studies detected a high abundance of oral bacteria in inflamed appendices in pediatric patients. To elucidate the role of oral bacteria in acute pediatric appendicitis, we studied the oral and appendiceal microbiome of affected children compared to healthy controls. METHODS: Between January and June 2015, 21 children undergoing appendectomy for acute appendicitis and 28 healthy controls were prospectively enrolled in the study. All individuals underwent thorough dental examination and laboratory for inflammatory parameters. Samples of inflamed appendices and the gingival sulcus were taken for 16S rDNA sequencing. RT-qPCR of Fusobacterium nucleatum, Peptostreptococcus stomatis, and Eikenella corrodens was performed and their viability was tested under acidic conditions to mimic gastric transfer. RESULTS: In phlegmonous appendices, Bacteroidetes and Porphyromonas were discovered as dominant phylum and genus. In sulcus samples, Firmicutes and Streptococcus were detected predominantly. P. stomatis, E. corrodens, and F. nucleatum were identified in each group. Viable amounts of P. stomatis were increased in sulci of children with acute appendicitis compared to sulci of healthy controls. In inflamed appendices, viable amounts of E. corrodens and F. nucleatum were decreased compared to sulci of children with appendicitis. Postprandial viability could be demonstrated for all tested bacteria. CONCLUSION: In children with acute appendicitis, we identified several oral bacterial pathogens. Based on postprandial viability of selected species, a viable migration from the oral cavity through the stomach to the appendix seems possible. Thus, the oral cavity could be a relevant reservoir for acute appendicitis.
PURPOSE: The oral microbiome has been related to numerous extra oral diseases. Recent studies detected a high abundance of oral bacteria in inflamed appendices in pediatric patients. To elucidate the role of oral bacteria in acute pediatric appendicitis, we studied the oral and appendiceal microbiome of affected children compared to healthy controls. METHODS: Between January and June 2015, 21 children undergoing appendectomy for acute appendicitis and 28 healthy controls were prospectively enrolled in the study. All individuals underwent thorough dental examination and laboratory for inflammatory parameters. Samples of inflamed appendices and the gingival sulcus were taken for 16S rDNA sequencing. RT-qPCR of Fusobacterium nucleatum, Peptostreptococcus stomatis, and Eikenella corrodens was performed and their viability was tested under acidic conditions to mimic gastric transfer. RESULTS: In phlegmonous appendices, Bacteroidetes and Porphyromonas were discovered as dominant phylum and genus. In sulcus samples, Firmicutes and Streptococcus were detected predominantly. P. stomatis, E. corrodens, and F. nucleatum were identified in each group. Viable amounts of P. stomatis were increased in sulci of children with acute appendicitis compared to sulci of healthy controls. In inflamed appendices, viable amounts of E. corrodens and F. nucleatum were decreased compared to sulci of children with appendicitis. Postprandial viability could be demonstrated for all tested bacteria. CONCLUSION: In children with acute appendicitis, we identified several oral bacterial pathogens. Based on postprandial viability of selected species, a viable migration from the oral cavity through the stomach to the appendix seems possible. Thus, the oral cavity could be a relevant reservoir for acute appendicitis.
Authors: Martin Lacher; Oliver J Muensterer; Govardhana R Yannam; Charles J Aprahamian; Lena Perger; Michael Megison; David C Yu; Elizabeth A Beierle; Scott A Anderson; Mike K Chen; Carroll M Harmon Journal: J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A Date: 2012-06-13 Impact factor: 1.878
Authors: Graham Cameron Thompson; Ellen Morrison; Marshall Ross; Helena Liu; Otto G Vanderkooi; Robin Eccles Journal: Pediatr Emerg Care Date: 2017-12 Impact factor: 1.454
Authors: Ali Sadiq Cheema; Michelle Louise Trevenen; Berwin Ashoka Turlach; Annalee June Furst; Ana Sophia Roman; Lars Bode; Zoya Gridneva; Ching Tat Lai; Lisa Faye Stinson; Matthew Scott Payne; Donna Tracy Geddes Journal: Int J Mol Sci Date: 2022-03-03 Impact factor: 5.923