Mathieu van Steenberghe1, Thomas Schubert2, Daela Xhema3, Caroline Bouzin4, Yves Guiot5, Jérôme Duisit3, Karim Abdelhamid6, Pierre Gianello3. 1. Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Secteur des Sciences de la Santé, Institut de Recherche expérimentale et clinique (IREC), Pôle de Chirurgie expérimentale et Transplantation (CHEX), Brussels, Belgium. Electronic address: mathieu.vansteenberghe@uclouvain.be. 2. Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Secteur des Sciences de la Santé, Institut de Recherche expérimentale et clinique (IREC), Pôle de Chirurgie expérimentale et Transplantation (CHEX), Brussels, Belgium; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Service d'orthopédie et de traumatologie de l'appareil locomoteur, Brussels, Belgium. 3. Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Secteur des Sciences de la Santé, Institut de Recherche expérimentale et clinique (IREC), Pôle de Chirurgie expérimentale et Transplantation (CHEX), Brussels, Belgium. 4. Université catholique de Louvain, IREC Imaging Platform (2IP), Institut de Recherche expérimentale et clinique (IREC), Brussels, Belgium. 5. Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Service d'anatomopathologie, Brussels, Belgium. 6. Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, polyclinique médicale universitaire, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Glutaraldehyde-treated pericardia for cardiovascular applications have poor long-term clinical results. The efficacy of a combined physical/chemical treatment to improve pericardium biocompatibility and vascular regeneration was assessed and compared with detergent treatment and two commercial bovine pericardia: PeriGuard (DGBP) and Edwards pericardium (nDGBP). The physical and chemical process was applied to bovine and human pericardia (DBP-DHP), and the detergent process was applied to bovine (DDBP). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Native (NBP) and treated bovine tissues were assessed for decellularization (HE/DAPI/DNA/α-Gal and MHC-1 staining) and mechanical integrity ex vivo. Twenty Wistar rats received subcutaneous patches of each bovine tissue to assess immunogenic response up to 4 months (flow cytometry). Ten additional rats received four subcutaneous bovine-treated patches (one/condition) to evaluate the inflammatory reaction (CD3/CD68 immunostaining), calcification (von Kossa staining/calcium quantification), and integration assessment (Hematoxylin and eosin staining). Finally, 15 rodents received a patch on the aorta (DBP n = 5, DHP n = 5, and DGBP n = 5), and vascular biocompatibility and arterial wall regeneration were assessed after 4 months (CD3/CD68/CD31/ASMA and Miller staining). RESULTS: DBP reached the higher level of decellularization, no immunogenic response whereas maintaining mechanical properties. DBP induced the lowest level grade of inflammation after 2 months (P < 0.05) concomitantly for better remodeling. No complications occurred with DBP and DHP where vascular regeneration was confirmed. Moreover, they induced a low level of CD3/CD68 infiltrations. CONCLUSIONS: This process significantly reduces immunogenicity and improves biocompatibility of bovine and human pericardia for better vascular regeneration.
BACKGROUND:Glutaraldehyde-treated pericardia for cardiovascular applications have poor long-term clinical results. The efficacy of a combined physical/chemical treatment to improve pericardium biocompatibility and vascular regeneration was assessed and compared with detergent treatment and two commercial bovine pericardia: PeriGuard (DGBP) and Edwards pericardium (nDGBP). The physical and chemical process was applied to bovine and human pericardia (DBP-DHP), and the detergent process was applied to bovine (DDBP). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Native (NBP) and treated bovine tissues were assessed for decellularization (HE/DAPI/DNA/α-Gal and MHC-1 staining) and mechanical integrity ex vivo. Twenty Wistar rats received subcutaneous patches of each bovine tissue to assess immunogenic response up to 4 months (flow cytometry). Ten additional rats received four subcutaneous bovine-treated patches (one/condition) to evaluate the inflammatory reaction (CD3/CD68 immunostaining), calcification (von Kossa staining/calcium quantification), and integration assessment (Hematoxylin and eosin staining). Finally, 15 rodents received a patch on the aorta (DBP n = 5, DHP n = 5, and DGBP n = 5), and vascular biocompatibility and arterial wall regeneration were assessed after 4 months (CD3/CD68/CD31/ASMA and Miller staining). RESULTS:DBP reached the higher level of decellularization, no immunogenic response whereas maintaining mechanical properties. DBP induced the lowest level grade of inflammation after 2 months (P < 0.05) concomitantly for better remodeling. No complications occurred with DBP and DHP where vascular regeneration was confirmed. Moreover, they induced a low level of CD3/CD68 infiltrations. CONCLUSIONS: This process significantly reduces immunogenicity and improves biocompatibility of bovine and human pericardia for better vascular regeneration.
Authors: Gregory Khatchatourov; Mathieu van Steenberghe; Doris Goy; Mathieu Potin; Javier Orrit; François Perret; Nicolas Murith; Jean-Jacques Goy Journal: JTCVS Open Date: 2021-08-26