| Literature DB >> 29230265 |
Nidain Maneh1,2, Kossivi Apetse1,3, Bénédicte Marèbe Diatewa2, Sidik Abou-Bakr Domingo2, Aidé Isabelle Agba2, Koffi Didier Ayena1, Koffi Agnon Balogou1,3, Komi Patrice Balo1.
Abstract
Myasthenia gravis is a rare acquired autoimmune pathology causing neuromuscular transmission impairment. Juvenile onset of myasthenia gravis is often characterized by ocular involvement. We report two cases of ocular juvenile myasthenia gravis (JMG) in two siblings. They were two young girls, XA and XB, aged 11 and 9 years, of Malian origin, residing in Togo, born from first-degree of consanguinity presenting to Ophthalmology due to progressive decrease in visual acuity. XA showed visual acuity 8/10 on both eyes while XB showed improvement in visual acuity from 3/10 to 7/10 using a pinhole occluder, suggesting ametropia. XA had a 2-year history of bilateral ptosis lifting the upper eyelid of 7 mm, while XB had a 3-year history of bilateral ptosis with no lifting of the upper eyelid. Ice pack test was strongly positive in both patients. They had Cogan's lid twitch with paresis of the oculomotor nerve without diplopia. The dosage of acetylcholine receptor autoantibodies was normal. The diagnosis of JMG associated with ametropia was suspected. Ametropia was corrected by glasses and a specific treatment with pyridostigmine was initiated, but both patients were lost to follow-up. Autoimmune myasthenia gravis with inaugural ophthalmologic manifestation is rare but it can occur among children living in sub-Saharan Africa. Studies should be conducted to establish the features of this disease.Entities:
Keywords: Sub-Saharan Africa; consanguinity; juvenile myasthenia gravis; ptosis
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Year: 2017 PMID: 29230265 PMCID: PMC5718764 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2017.28.63.13709
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Pan Afr Med J
Figure 1A) XA: ptosis bilatéral; B) XA: ptosis majoré après le regard prolongé en haut (fatigabilité à l’effort)
Figure 2XB: régression du ptosis après le test au glaçon B) XB: ptosis avant le test au glaçon