Suzanne Lippman1, Hannah Gardener1, Tatjana Rundek1, Azizi Seixas2, Mitchell S V Elkind3, Ralph L Sacco1, Clinton B Wright4, Alberto R Ramos5. 1. Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA; Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA. 2. Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. 3. Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. 4. Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA; Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. 5. Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA; Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA. Electronic address: a.ramos1@med.miami.edu.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate cross-sectional and prospective associations between short and long sleep duration and depressive symptoms in older adults (aged >65 years). METHODS: The data from a subsample of the racially/ethnically diverse Northern Manhattan Study were analyzed. Depressive symptoms were assessed twice with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), approximately 5 years apart. The presence of depressive symptoms was defined as a CES-D score ≥16 or use of antidepressants. Self-reports of short (<6 h), intermediate (6-8 h) and long (≥9 h) sleep were assessed prior to the initial CES-D. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the cross-sectional associations between short and long sleep durations with depressive symptoms, using intermediate sleep as the reference. The prospective association between sleep duration and depression in a sample of participants without depressive symptoms at first CES-D was also analyzed. All models were adjusted for demographic, behavioral, and vascular risk factors. RESULTS: The initial sample consisted of 1110 participants: 62% women, 69% Hispanic, 17% black, 14% white. Short sleep was reported by 25%, intermediate sleep by 65%, and long sleep by 9%. Depressive symptoms were described in 25% of the initial sample. Short sleep, but not long sleep, was associated with depressive symptoms at baseline (adjusted OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.3-2.6), and at follow-up (adjusted OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.1-3.5; median follow-up = 5.1 years). CONCLUSION: Short sleep duration had a cross-sectional and prospective association with depressive symptoms in an urban multi-ethnic cohort of older adults.
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate cross-sectional and prospective associations between short and long sleep duration and depressive symptoms in older adults (aged >65 years). METHODS: The data from a subsample of the racially/ethnically diverse Northern Manhattan Study were analyzed. Depressive symptoms were assessed twice with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), approximately 5 years apart. The presence of depressive symptoms was defined as a CES-D score ≥16 or use of antidepressants. Self-reports of short (<6 h), intermediate (6-8 h) and long (≥9 h) sleep were assessed prior to the initial CES-D. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the cross-sectional associations between short and long sleep durations with depressive symptoms, using intermediate sleep as the reference. The prospective association between sleep duration and depression in a sample of participants without depressive symptoms at first CES-D was also analyzed. All models were adjusted for demographic, behavioral, and vascular risk factors. RESULTS: The initial sample consisted of 1110 participants: 62% women, 69% Hispanic, 17% black, 14% white. Short sleep was reported by 25%, intermediate sleep by 65%, and long sleep by 9%. Depressive symptoms were described in 25% of the initial sample. Short sleep, but not long sleep, was associated with depressive symptoms at baseline (adjusted OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.3-2.6), and at follow-up (adjusted OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.1-3.5; median follow-up = 5.1 years). CONCLUSION: Short sleep duration had a cross-sectional and prospective association with depressive symptoms in an urban multi-ethnic cohort of older adults.
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