| Literature DB >> 29200473 |
Sven Kehl1, Christel Weiss2, Ulf Dammer1, Friederike Baier1, Florian Faschingbauer1, Matthias W Beckmann1, Marc Sütterlin3, Jutta Pretscher1.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the influence of premature rupture of membranes (PROM) on the induction of labor. MATERIAL ANDEntities:
Keywords: cesarean section; induction of labor; misoprostol; premature rupture of membranes
Year: 2017 PMID: 29200473 PMCID: PMC5703656 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-121007
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd ISSN: 0016-5751 Impact factor: 2.915
Fig. 1Flow chart with information on the total number of births and inductions of labor in the investigated cohort during the study period, after taking the inclusion and exclusion criteria into account.
Table 1 Demographic data of the study group with premature rupture of membranes (PROM) and the study group without premature rupture of membranes (no PROM).
| PROM (n = 816) | no PROM (n = 1045) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| p < 0.05 is considered statistically significant | |||
| Age (years) | 30.7 ± 5.2 | 30.1 ± 5.6 | 0.0196 |
| Maternal height (cm) | 166.6 ± 6.7 | 166.4 ± 6.6 | 0.5986 |
| Maternal weight (kg) | 82.3 ± 15.0 | 85.0 ± 16.0 | 0.0002 |
| Body mass index | 29.0 ± 5.3 | 30.5 ± 5.4 | < 0.0001 |
| Gravidity | 1 (1 – 7) | 2 (1 – 14) | < 0.0001 |
| Parity | 0 (0 – 4) | 0 (0 – 9) | < 0.0001 |
| Gestational age (days) | 276.4 ± 7.4 | 283.3 ± 7.4 | < 0.0001 |
| Birth weight (g) | 3350.6 ± 417.8 | 3507.5 ± 473.2 | < 0.0001 |
| Bishop score | 2 (0 – 6) | 2 (0 – 6) | 0.0095 |
| Gestational diabetes | 78 (9.6%) | 166 (15.9%) | < 0.0001 |
| Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy | 14 (1.7%) | 80 (7.7%) | < 0.0001 |
| Intrauterine growth retardation. placental insufficiency | 14 (1.7%) | 48 (4.6%) | 0.0006 |
Table 2 Indications for the induction of pregnancy if there was no premature rupture of membranes.
| Indications | no PROM |
|---|---|
| CTG: cardiotocography | |
| Overdue pregnancy | 556 (53.2%) |
| Gestational diabetes | 109 (10.4%) |
| Patientʼs request | 88 (8.4%) |
| Anhydramnios, oligohydramnios | 58 (5.6%) |
| Suspicion of fetal macrosomia | 39 (3.7%) |
| Decreased fetal movement | 20 (1.9%) |
| Intrauterine growth retardation, placental insufficiency, pathological Doppler sonography | 36 (3.4%) |
| Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) | 61 (5.8%) |
| Suspicious/pathological CTG | 28 (2.7%) |
| Cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) | 11 (1.1%) |
| Other | 39 (3.7%) |
Table 3 Outcome measures for the two study groups (PROM und and no PROM).
| Outcome measures | PROM (n = 816) | no PROM (n = 1045) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| BE: base excess | |||
| Mode of delivery (n, %) | |||
spontaneous delivery | 529 (64.8%) | 659 (63.1%) | 0.4314 |
surgical vaginal delivery | 108 (13.2%) | 111 (10.6%) | 0.0826 |
cesarean section | 179 (21.9%) | 275 (26.3%) | 0.0290 |
| Induction-to-delivery interval (min)* | 972 ± 726.5 | 1741 ± 1335.0 | < 0.0001 |
| Vaginal birth within 24 h (n, %)** | 515 (80.9%) | 400 (52.0%) | < 0.0001 |
| Vaginal birth within 48 h (n, %)** | 627 (98.4%) | 657 (85.3%) | < 0.0001 |
| Unsuccessful induction of labor = no vaginal birth within 72 h (n, %)** | 3 (0.5%) | 43 (5.6%) | < 0.0001 |
| Number of misoprostol doses administered (median, range)* | 1 (1 – 10) | 3 (1 – 100) | < 0.0001 |
| Total dose of misoprostol (µg; median, range)* | 50 (50 – 750) | 150 (50 – 2500) | < 0.0001 |
| Arterial cord blood pH < 7.05 (n, %) | 5 (0.6%) | 8 (0.8%) | 0.6936 |
| Arterial cord blood pH < 7.10 (n, %) | 21 (2.6%) | 24 (2.3%) | 0.7013 |
| BE < −12 (n, %) | 4 (0.5%) | 13 (1.3%) | 0.0872 |
| Apgar score after 5 min (median, range) | 10 (5 – 10) | 10 (4 – 10) | 0.1756 |
| Apgar score after 5 min < 7 (n, %) | 7 (0.9%) | 8 (0.6%) | 0.4689 |
| BE < −12 and Apgar score after 5 min < 7 (n, %) | 0 | 1 (0,1%) | 1.0000 |
| Pathological CTG (n, %) | 167 (20.5%) | 258 (24.7%) | 0.0313 |
| Pathological fetal blood sampling results (n, %) | 3 (0.4%) | 5 (0.5%) | 1.0000 |
| Epidural analgesia (n, %) | 388 (47.1%) | 382 (38.0%) | < 0.0001 |
| Oxytocin (n, %) | 393 (49.0%) | 443 (43.0%) | 0.0106 |
| Green amniotic fluid (n, %) | 100 (12.3%) | 172 (16.5%) | 0.0108 |
| Amniotic infection syndrome | 7 (0.9%) | 6 (0.6%) | 0.4659 |
| Postpartum transfer of infant to a childrenʼs hospital (n, %) | 90 (13.2%) | 139 (18.4%) | 0.0075 |
| Neonatal infection (n, %) | 21 (2.6%) | 29 (2.8%) | 0.7896 |
| Puerperal endometritis (n, %) | 2 (0.3%) | 2 (0.2%) | 1.0000 |
Table 4 Outcome measures in the two study groups PROM and no PROM according to parity.
| Outcome measures | Primiparae | Multiparae | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PROM (n = 597) | no PROM (n = 618) | p-value | PROM (n = 219) | no PROM (n = 427) | p-value | |
| * without cesarean section and unsuccessful induction of labor | ||||||
| Mode of delivery | ||||||
spontaneous delivery | 328 (54.9%) | 293 (47.4%) | 0.0056 | 201 (91.8%) | 366 (85.7%) | 0.0158 |
surgical vaginal delivery | 99 (16.6%) | 96 (15.5%) | 9 (4.1%) | 15 (3.5%) | ||
cesarean section | 170 (28.5%) | 229 (37.1%) | 9 (4.1%) | 46 (10.8%) | ||
| Induction-to-delivery interval (min)* | 1114 ± 734 | 1976 ± 1379 | < 0.0001 | 684 ± 618 | 1501 ± 1244 | < 0.0001 |
| Vaginal birth within 24 h (n, %)** | 321 (75.2%) | 165 (42.4%) | < 0.0001 | 194 (92.4%) | 235 (61.7%) | < 0.0001 |
| Vaginal birth within 48 h (n, %)** | 418 (97.9%) | 322 (82.8%) | < 0.0001 | 209 (99.5%) | 335 (87.9%) | < 0.0001 |
| Unsuccessful induction of labor = no vaginal birth within 72 hours (n, %)** | 2 (0.5%) | 31 (8.0%) | < 0.0001 | 1 (0.5%) | 12 (3.1%) | 0.0390 |
| Number of misoprostol doses (median, range)* | 1 (1 – 9) | 3 (1 – 100) | < 0.0001 | 1 (1 – 10) | 3 (1 – 16) | < 0.0001 |
| Total misoprostol dose (µg; median, range)* | 50 (50 – 750) | 150 (50 – 2500) | < 0.0001 | 50 (50 – 750) | 150 (50 – 1350) | < 0.0001 |
| Arterial cord blood pH < 7.05 (n, %) | 4 (0.7%) | 6 (1.0%) | 0.7532 | 1 (0.5%) | 2 (0.5%) | 1.0000 |
| Arterial cord blood pH < 7.10 (n, %) | 18 (3.0%) | 20 (3.2%) | 0.8209 | 3 (1.4%) | 4 (0.9%) | 0.6941 |
| BE < −12 (n, %) | 4 (0.7%) | 9 (1.5%) | 0.1802 | 0 | 4 (1.0%) | 0.3048 |
| Apgar score after 5 min | 10 (5 – 10) | 10 (4 – 10) | 0.0678 | 10 (5 – 10) | 10 (7 – 10) | 0.2223 |
| Apgar score after 5 min < 7 (n, %) | 6 (1.0%) | 6 (1.0%) | 0.9542 | 1 (0.5%) | 0 | 0.3401 |
| BE < −12 and Apgar score after 5 min < 7 (n, %) | 1 (0.2%) | 0 | 1.0000 | 0 | 0 | NC |
| Pathological CTG (n, %) | 149 (25.0%) | 204 (33.0%) | 0.0020 | 18 (8.2%) | 54 (12.7%) | 0.0905 |
| Pathological fetal blood sampling results (n, %) | 3 (0.5%) | 5 (0.8%) | 0.7260 | 0 | 0 | NC |
| Epidural analgesia (n, %) | 333 (55.8%) | 304 (50.0%) | 0.0455 | 50 (23.1%) | 78 (18.4%) | 0.1553 |
| Oxytocin (n, %) | 350 (59.5%) | 352 (58.2%) | 0.6377 | 43 (20.1%) | 91 (21.4%) | 0.6992 |
| Green amniotic fluid (n, %) | 76 (12.7%) | 126 (20.4%) | 0.0003 | 24 (11.0%) | 46 (10.8%) | 0.9426 |
| Amniotic infection syndrome | 6 (1.0%) | 6 (1.0%) | 0.9520 | 1 (0.5%) | 0 | 0.3390 |
| Postpartum transfer to a childrenʼs hospital (n, %) | 78 (15.4%) | 98 (22.0%) | 0.0085 | 12 (6.9%) | 41 (13.2%) | 0.0333 |
| Neonatal infection (n, %) | 20 (3.4%) | 20 (3.2%) | 0.9115 | 1 (0.5%) | 9 (2.1%) | 0.1767 |
| Puerperal endometritis (n, %) | 2 (0.3%) | 1 (0.2%) | 0.6183 | 0 | 1 (0.2%) | 1.0000 |
Table 5 Univariate and multiple logistic regression analysis for the primary outcome measure “cesarean section”. Parameters with a significance level of up to α = 0.05 were included in the final statistical model.
| Moderating factor | Univariate analysis | Multiple logistic regression | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| odds ratio | p-value | odds ratio | p-value | |
| Age (years) | 1.0000 | 0.9646 | – | – |
| Maternal height (cm) | 0.966 | < 0.0001 | 0.959 | < 0.0001 |
| Maternal weight (kg) | 1.012 | 0.0003 | – | – |
| Body mass index | 1.061 | < 0.0001 | 1.060 | < 0.0001 |
| Gestational age (days) | 0.998 | 0.7432 | – | – |
| Birth weight (g) | 1.000 | 0.8639 | – | – |
| Gravidity | 0.653 | < 0.0001 | 0.633 | < 0.0001 |
| Parity | 0.413 | < 0.0001 | – | – |
| Bishop score | 0.818 | < 0.0001 | 0.852 | < 0.0001 |
| PROM | 0.787 (yes vs. no) | 0.0292 | – | – |
| Gestational diabetes | 1.262 (yes vs. no) | 0.1303 | – | – |
| Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy | 2.783 (yes vs. no) | < 0.0001 | 2.063 (yes vs. no) | 0.0030 |
| Intrauterine growth retardation, placental insufficiency | 2.158 (yes vs. no) | 0.0037 | – | – |
Table 6 Univariate and multiple linear regression analysis for the secondary outcome measure “induction-to-delivery interval”. Parameters with a significance level of up to α = 0.05 were included in the final statistical model. The binary factors PROM, gestational diabetes, and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy had a value of 0 (no) or 1 (yes).
| Moderating factor | Univariate analysis | Multiple linear regression | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| regression coefficient | p-value | regression coefficient | p-value | |
| Age (years) | − 6.804 | 0.2513 | – | – |
| Maternal height (cm) | 3.797 | 0.4224 | – | – |
| Maternal weight (kg) | 12.147 | < 0.0001 | – | – |
| Body mass index | 39.603 | < 0.0001 | 21.391 | < 0.0001 |
| Gestational age (days) | 23.345 | < 0.0001 | – | – |
| Birth weight (g) | 0.333 | < 0.0001 | 0.225 | 0.0012 |
| Gravidity | − 90.404 | 0.0003 | – | – |
| Parity | − 143.724 | < 0.0001 | − 213.596 | < 0.0001 |
| Bishop score | − 136.677 | < 0.0001 | − 111.166 | < 0.0001 |
| PROM | − 768.939 | < 0.0001 | − 710.722 | < 0.0001 |
| Gestational diabetes | 337.895 | 0.0003 | 243.398 | 0.0070 |
| Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy | 842.171 | 0.0002 | 417.867 | 0.0102 |
| Intrauterine growth restriction, placental insufficiency | 424.003 | 0.0290 | – | – |
Abb. 1Flowchart mit Angabe der Gesamtgeburten und -geburtseinleitungen im Untersuchungszeitraum sowie des untersuchten Kollektivs unter Berücksichtigung der Ein- und Ausschlusskriterien.
Tab. 1 Demografische Angaben der Studiengruppen mit vorzeitigem Blasensprung (PROM) und ohne vorzeitigen Blasensprung (kein PROM).
| PROM (n = 816) | kein PROM (n = 1045) | p-Wert | |
|---|---|---|---|
| p < 0,05 wird als signifikant betrachtet | |||
| Alter (Jahre) | 30,7 ± 5,2 | 30,1 ± 5,6 | 0,0196 |
| maternale Größe (cm) | 166,6 ± 6,7 | 166,4 ± 6,6 | 0,5986 |
| maternales Gewicht (kg) | 82,3 ± 15,0 | 85,0 ± 16,0 | 0,0002 |
| Body-Mass-Index | 29,0 ± 5,3 | 30,5 ± 5,4 | < 0,0001 |
| Gravidität | 1 (1 – 7) | 2 (1 – 14) | < 0,0001 |
| Parität | 0 (0 – 4) | 0 (0 – 9) | < 0,0001 |
| Gestationsalter (Tage) | 276,4 ± 7,4 | 283,3 ± 7,4 | < 0,0001 |
| Geburtsgewicht (g) | 3350,6 ± 417,8 | 3507,5 ± 473,2 | < 0,0001 |
| Bishop Score | 2 (0 – 6) | 2 (0 – 6) | 0,0095 |
| Gestationsdiabetes | 78 (9,6%) | 166 (15,9%) | < 0,0001 |
| hypertensive Schwangerschaftserkrankungen | 14 (1,7%) | 80 (7,7%) | < 0,0001 |
| intrauterine Wachstumsrestriktion, Plazentainsuffizienz | 14 (1,7%) | 48 (4,6%) | 0,0006 |
Tab. 2 Indikationen zur Geburtseinleitung, wenn kein vorzeitiger Blasensprung vorlag.
| Indikationen | kein PROM |
|---|---|
| CTG: Kardiotokografie | |
| Terminüberschreitung | 556 (53,2%) |
| Gestationsdiabetes | 109 (10,4%) |
| Wunsch | 88 (8,4%) |
| Anhydramnion, Oligohydramnion | 58 (5,6%) |
| Verdacht auf fetale Makrosomie | 39 (3,7%) |
| nachlassende Kindsbewegungen | 20 (1,9%) |
| intrauterine Wachstumsrestriktion, Plazentainsuffizienz, pathologische Doppler-Sonografie | 36 (3,4%) |
| hypertensive Schwangerschaftserkrankung (HES) | 61 (5,8%) |
| suspektes/pathologisches CTG | 28 (2,7%) |
| Schwangerschaftscholestase (ICP) | 11 (1,1%) |
| sonstiges | 39 (3,7%) |
Tab. 3 Outcome Parameter in den beiden Studiengruppen (PROM und „kein PROM“).
| Outcome Parameter | PROM (n = 816) | kein PROM (n = 1045) | p-Wert |
|---|---|---|---|
| BE: Basendefizit | |||
| Geburtsmodus (n, %) | |||
Spontangeburt | 529 (64,8%) | 659 (63,1%) | 0,4314 |
vaginal operative Entbindung | 108 (13,2%) | 111 (10,6%) | 0,0826 |
Sectio caesarea | 179 (21,9%) | 275 (26,3%) | 0,0290 |
| Einleitung-Geburt-Intervall (min)* | 972 ± 726,5 | 1741 ± 1335,0 | < 0,0001 |
| vaginale Geburt innerhalb 24 h (n, %)** | 515 (80,9%) | 400 (52,0%) | < 0,0001 |
| vaginale Geburt innerhalb 48 h (n, %)** | 627 (98,4%) | 657 (85,3%) | < 0,0001 |
| frustrane Geburtseinleitung = keine vaginale Geburt innerhalb 72 h (n, %)** | 3 (0,5%) | 43 (5,6%) | < 0,0001 |
| Anzahl der Misoprostol-Gaben (Median, Range) * | 1 (1 – 10) | 3 (1 – 100) | < 0,0001 |
| Gesamtdosis Misoprostol (µg; Median, Range) * | 50 (50 – 750) | 150 (50 – 2500) | < 0,0001 |
| arterieller Nabelschnur-pH < 7,05 (n, %) | 5 (0,6%) | 8 (0,8%) | 0,6936 |
| arterieller Nabelschnur-pH < 7,10 (n, %) | 21 (2,6%) | 24 (2,3%) | 0,7013 |
| BE < −12 (n, %) | 4 (0,5%) | 13 (1,3%) | 0,0872 |
| Apgar Score nach 5 Minuten (Median, Range) | 10 (5 – 10) | 10 (4 – 10) | 0,1756 |
| Apgar Score nach 5 Minuten < 7 (n, %) | 7 (0,9%) | 8 (0,6%) | 0,4689 |
| BE < −12 und Apgar Score nach 5 min < 7 (n, %) | 0 | 1 (0,1%) | 1,0000 |
| pathologisches CTG (n, %) | 167 (20,5%) | 258 (24,7%) | 0,0313 |
| pathologische Fetalblutanalyse (n, %) | 3 (0,4%) | 5 (0,5%) | 1,0000 |
| Periduralanästhesie (n, %) | 388 (47,1%) | 382 (38,0%) | < 0,0001 |
| Oxytocin (n, %) | 393 (49,0%) | 443 (43,0%) | 0,0106 |
| grünes Fruchtwasser (n, %) | 100 (12,3%) | 172 (16,5%) | 0,0108 |
| Amnioninfektionssyndrom | 7 (0,9%) | 6 (0,6%) | 0,4659 |
| postpartale Verlegung in die Kinderklinik (n, %) | 90 (13,2%) | 139 (18,4%) | 0,0075 |
| Infektion des Kindes (n, %) | 21 (2,6%) | 29 (2,8%) | 0,7896 |
| puerperale Endometritis (n, %) | 2 (0,3%) | 2 (0,2%) | 1,0000 |
Tab. 4 Outcome Parameter in den beiden Studiengruppen PROM und „kein PROM“ entsprechend der Parität.
| Outcome Parameter | Erstgebärende | Mehrgebärende | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PROM (n = 597) | kein PROM (n = 618) | p-Wert | PROM (n = 219) | kein PROM (n = 427) | p-Wert | |
| * ohne Sectio caesarea und frustrane Geburtseinleitungen | ||||||
| Geburtsmodus | ||||||
Spontangeburt | 328 (54,9%) | 293 (47,4%) | 0,0056 | 201 (91,8%) | 366 (85,7%) | 0,0158 |
vaginal operative Entbindung | 99 (16,6%) | 96 (15,5%) | 9 (4,1%) | 15 (3,5%) | ||
Sectio caesarea | 170 (28,5%) | 229 (37,1%) | 9 (4,1%) | 46 (10,8%) | ||
| Einleitung-Geburt-Intervall (min)* | 1114 ± 734 | 1976 ± 1379 | < 0,0001 | 684 ± 618 | 1501 ± 1244 | < 0,0001 |
| vaginale Geburt innerhalb 24 h (n, %)** | 321 (75,2%) | 165 (42,4%) | < 0,0001 | 194 (92,4%) | 235 (61,7%) | < 0,0001 |
| vaginale Geburt innerhalb 48 h (n, %)** | 418 (97,9%) | 322 (82,8%) | < 0,0001 | 209 (99,5%) | 335 (87,9%) | < 0,0001 |
| frustrane Geburtseinleitung = keine vaginale Geburt innerhalb 72 h (n, %)** | 2 (0,5%) | 31 (8,0%) | < 0,0001 | 1 (0,5%) | 12 (3,1%) | 0,0390 |
| Anzahl der Misoprostol-Gaben (Median, Range)* | 1 (1 – 9) | 3 (1 – 100) | < 0,0001 | 1 (1 – 10) | 3 (1 – 16) | < 0,0001 |
| Gesamtdosis Misoprostol (µg; Median, Range)* | 50 (50 – 750) | 150 (50 – 2500) | < 0,0001 | 50 (50 – 750) | 150 (50 – 1350) | < 0,0001 |
| arterieller Nabelschnur-pH < 7,05 (n, %) | 4 (0,7%) | 6 (1,0%) | 0,7532 | 1 (0,5%) | 2 (0,5%) | 1,0000 |
| arterieller Nabelschnur-pH < 7,10 (n, %) | 18 (3,0%) | 20 (3,2%) | 0,8209 | 3 (1,4%) | 4 (0,9%) | 0,6941 |
| BE < −12 (n, %) | 4 (0,7%) | 9 (1,5%) | 0,1802 | 0 | 4 (1,0%) | 0,3048 |
| Apgar Score nach 5 min | 10 (5 – 10) | 10 (4 – 10) | 0,0678 | 10 (5 – 10) | 10 (7 – 10) | 0,2223 |
| Apgar Score nach 5 min < 7 (n, %) | 6 (1,0%) | 6 (1,0%) | 0,9542 | 1 (0,5%) | 0 | 0,3401 |
| BE < −12 und Apgar Score nach 5 min < 7 (n, %) | 1 (0,2%) | 0 | 1,0000 | 0 | 0 | n. b. |
| pathologisches CTG (n, %) | 149 (25,0%) | 204 (33,0%) | 0,0020 | 18 (8,2%) | 54 (12,7%) | 0,0905 |
| pathologische Fetalblutanalyse (n, %) | 3 (0,5%) | 5 (0,8%) | 0,7260 | 0 | 0 | n. b. |
| Periduralanästhesie (n, %) | 333 (55,8%) | 304 (50,0%) | 0,0455 | 50 (23,1%) | 78 (18,4%) | 0,1553 |
| Oxytocin (n, %) | 350 (59,5%) | 352 (58,2%) | 0,6377 | 43 (20,1%) | 91 (21,4%) | 0,6992 |
| grünes Fruchtwasser (n, %) | 76 (12,7%) | 126 (20,4%) | 0,0003 | 24 (11,0%) | 46 (10,8%) | 0,9426 |
| Amnioninfektionssyndrom | 6 (1,0%) | 6 (1,0%) | 0,9520 | 1 (0,5%) | 0 | 0,3390 |
| postpartale Verlegung in die Kinderklinik (n, %) | 78 (15,4%) | 98 (22,0%) | 0,0085 | 12 (6,9%) | 41 (13,2%) | 0,0333 |
| Infektion des Kindes (n, %) | 20 (3,4%) | 20 (3,2%) | 0,9115 | 1 (0,5%) | 9 (2,1%) | 0,1767 |
| puerperale Endometritis (n, %) | 2 (0,3%) | 1 (0,2%) | 0,6183 | 0 | 1 (0,2%) | 1,0000 |
Tab. 5 Univariable und multiple logistische Regressionsanalysen für den primären Zielparameter „Sectio caesarea“. In das finale statistische Modell wurden Parameter bis zu einem Signifikanzniveau von α = 0,05 aufgenommen.
| Einflussgröße | univariable Analysen | multiple logistische Regression | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Odds Ratio | p-Wert | Odds Ratio | p-Wert | |
| Alter (Jahre) | 1,0000 | 0,9646 | – | – |
| maternale Größe (cm) | 0,966 | < 0,0001 | 0,959 | < 0,0001 |
| maternales Gewicht (kg) | 1,012 | 0,0003 | – | – |
| Body-Mass-Index | 1,061 | < 0,0001 | 1,060 | < 0,0001 |
| Gestationsalter (Tage) | 0,998 | 0,7432 | – | – |
| Geburtsgewicht (g) | 1,000 | 0,8639 | – | – |
| Gravidität | 0,653 | < 0,0001 | 0,633 | < 0,0001 |
| Parität | 0,413 | < 0,0001 | – | – |
| Bishop Score | 0,818 | < 0,0001 | 0,852 | < 0,0001 |
| PROM | 0,787 (ja vs. nein) | 0,0292 | – | – |
| Gestationsdiabetes | 1,262 (ja vs. nein) | 0,1303 | – | – |
| hypertensive Schwangerschaftserkrankungen | 2,783 (ja vs. nein) | < 0,0001 | 2,063 (ja vs. nein) | 0,0030 |
| intrauterine Wachstumsrestriktion, Plazentainsuffizienz | 2,158 (ja vs. nein) | 0,0037 | – | – |
Tab. 6 Univariable und multiple lineare Regressionsanalyse für den sekundären Zielparameter Einleitung-Geburt-Intervall. In das finale statistische Modell wurden Parameter bis zu einem Signifikanzniveau von α = 0,05 aufgenommen. Dabei haben die binären Faktoren PROM, Gestationsdiabetes und hypertensive Schwangerschaftserkrankungen die Werte 0 (nein) oder 1 (ja).
| Einflussgröße | univariable Analysen | multiple lineare Regression | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Regressionskoeffizient | p-Wert | Regressionskoeffizient | p-Wert | |
| Alter (Jahre) | − 6,804 | 0,2513 | – | – |
| maternale Größe (cm) | 3,797 | 0,4224 | – | – |
| maternales Gewicht (kg) | 12,147 | < 0,0001 | – | – |
| Body-Mass-Index | 39,603 | < 0,0001 | 21,391 | < 0,0001 |
| Gestationsalter (Tage) | 23,345 | < 0,0001 | – | – |
| Geburtsgewicht (g) | 0,333 | < 0,0001 | 0,225 | 0,0012 |
| Gravidität | − 90,404 | 0,0003 | – | – |
| Parität | − 143,724 | < 0,0001 | − 213,596 | < 0,0001 |
| Bishop Score | − 136,677 | < 0,0001 | − 111,166 | < 0,0001 |
| PROM | − 768,939 | < 0,0001 | − 710,722 | < 0,0001 |
| Gestationsdiabetes | 337,895 | 0,0003 | 243,398 | 0,0070 |
| hypertensive Schwangerschaftserkrankungen | 842,171 | 0,0002 | 417,867 | 0,0102 |
| intrauterine Wachstumsrestriktion, Plazentainsuffizienz | 424,003 | 0,0290 | – | – |