Massimiliano de Zambotti1, Harold Javitz2, Peter L Franzen3, Ty Brumback4, Duncan B Clark3, Ian M Colrain5, Fiona C Baker6. 1. Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, California. 2. Division of Education, SRI International, Menlo Park, California. 3. University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, California. 4. Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California. 5. Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, California; Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. 6. Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, California; Brain Function Research Group, School of Physiology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. Electronic address: fiona.baker@sri.com.
Abstract
PURPOSE: We assessed sex- and age-dependent differences in a cross-sectional analysis of cardiac autonomic nervous system (ANS) regulation during sleep in adolescents. METHODS: Nocturnal heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) metrics, reflecting ANS functioning, were analyzed across the night and within undisturbed rapid eye movement (REM) and non-REM sleep in 149 healthy adolescents (12-22 years; 67 female) from the National Consortium on Alcohol and Neurodevelopment in Adolescence. RESULTS: Nocturnal HR was slower in older, more pubertally advanced boys than in younger boys. In girls, HR did not vary according to age or maturity, although overall HRV and vagal modulation declined with age. Although younger boys and girls had similar HR, the male-female HR difference increased by ~2.4 bpm every year (p < .01, higher in older girls). Boys and girls showed expected increases in total HRV across the night but this within-night "recovery" was blunted in girls compared with boys (p < .05). Also, the non-REM and REM difference in HR was greater in girls (p < .01). Models exploring a role of covariates (sleep, mood, reproductive hormones, activity) in influencing HR and HRV showed few significant effects, apart from sedentary activity (higher in older girls), which partially mediated the sex × age interaction in HR. CONCLUSIONS: Sex-related differences in cardiac ANS function emerge during adolescence. The extent to which sex-age divergences in ANS function are adaptive or reflect underlying sex-specific vulnerability for the development of psychopathology and other health conditions in adolescence needs to be determined.
PURPOSE: We assessed sex- and age-dependent differences in a cross-sectional analysis of cardiac autonomic nervous system (ANS) regulation during sleep in adolescents. METHODS: Nocturnal heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) metrics, reflecting ANS functioning, were analyzed across the night and within undisturbed rapid eye movement (REM) and non-REM sleep in 149 healthy adolescents (12-22 years; 67 female) from the National Consortium on Alcohol and Neurodevelopment in Adolescence. RESULTS:Nocturnal HR was slower in older, more pubertally advanced boys than in younger boys. In girls, HR did not vary according to age or maturity, although overall HRV and vagal modulation declined with age. Although younger boys and girls had similar HR, the male-female HR difference increased by ~2.4 bpm every year (p < .01, higher in older girls). Boys and girls showed expected increases in total HRV across the night but this within-night "recovery" was blunted in girls compared with boys (p < .05). Also, the non-REM and REM difference in HR was greater in girls (p < .01). Models exploring a role of covariates (sleep, mood, reproductive hormones, activity) in influencing HR and HRV showed few significant effects, apart from sedentary activity (higher in older girls), which partially mediated the sex × age interaction in HR. CONCLUSIONS: Sex-related differences in cardiac ANS function emerge during adolescence. The extent to which sex-age divergences in ANS function are adaptive or reflect underlying sex-specific vulnerability for the development of psychopathology and other health conditions in adolescence needs to be determined.
Authors: Massimiliano de Zambotti; Aimee Goldstone; Mohamad Forouzanfar; Harold Javitz; Stephanie Claudatos; Ian M Colrain; Fiona C Baker Journal: Sleep Date: 2020-06-15 Impact factor: 5.849
Authors: Ivan Neil B Gomez; Angelika Pauline Calsa; Jerika Toni Esguerra; Prince Joseph Heric Penetrante; Kenneth Porlucas; Maria Erica Santos; Carla Beatrice Umali; Cynthia Y Y Lai Journal: Occup Ther Int Date: 2021-02-20 Impact factor: 1.448
Authors: Dilara Yuksel; Fiona C Baker; Aimee Goldstone; Stephanie A Claudatos; Mohamad Forouzanfar; Devin E Prouty; Ian M Colrain; Massimiliano de Zambotti Journal: Sleep Health Date: 2020-07-27