Background: In 2014, a nationwide outbreak of severe respiratory illness occurred in the United States, primarily associated with enterovirus D68 (EV-D68). A proportion of illness was associated with rhinoviruses (RVs) and other enteroviruses (EVs), which we aimed to characterize further. Methods: Respiratory specimens from pediatric and adult patients with respiratory illness were submitted to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention during August 2014-November 2014. While initial laboratory testing focused on identification of EV-D68, the negative specimens were typed by molecular sequencing to identify additional EV and RV types. Testing for other pathogens was not conducted. We compared available clinical and epidemiologic characteristics among patients with EV-D68 and RV species A-C identified. Results: Among 2629 typed specimens, 1012 were EV-D68 (39%) and 81 (3.1%) represented 24 other EV types; 968 were RVs (37%) covering 114 types and grouped into 3 human RV species (RV-A, 446; RV-B, 133; RV-C, 389); and 568 (22%) had no RV or EV detected. EV-D68 was more frequently identified in patients who presented earlier in the investigation period. Among patients with EV-D68, RV-A, RV-B, or RV-C, the age distributions markedly differed. Clinical syndromes and intensive care unit admissions by age were largely similar. Conclusions: RVs were commonly associated with severe respiratory illness during a nationwide outbreak of EV-D68, and most clinical. Characteristics were similar between groups. A better understanding of the epidemiology of RVs and EVs is needed to help inform development and use of diagnostic tests, therapeutics, and preventive measures.
Background: In 2014, a nationwide outbreak of severe respiratory illness occurred in the United States, primarily associated with enterovirus D68 (EV-D68). A proportion of illness was associated with rhinoviruses (RVs) and other enteroviruses (EVs), which we aimed to characterize further. Methods: Respiratory specimens from pediatric and adult patients with respiratory illness were submitted to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention during August 2014-November 2014. While initial laboratory testing focused on identification of EV-D68, the negative specimens were typed by molecular sequencing to identify additional EV and RV types. Testing for other pathogens was not conducted. We compared available clinical and epidemiologic characteristics among patients with EV-D68 and RV species A-C identified. Results: Among 2629 typed specimens, 1012 were EV-D68 (39%) and 81 (3.1%) represented 24 other EV types; 968 were RVs (37%) covering 114 types and grouped into 3 human RV species (RV-A, 446; RV-B, 133; RV-C, 389); and 568 (22%) had no RV or EV detected. EV-D68 was more frequently identified in patients who presented earlier in the investigation period. Among patients with EV-D68, RV-A, RV-B, or RV-C, the age distributions markedly differed. Clinical syndromes and intensive care unit admissions by age were largely similar. Conclusions: RVs were commonly associated with severe respiratory illness during a nationwide outbreak of EV-D68, and most clinical. Characteristics were similar between groups. A better understanding of the epidemiology of RVs and EVs is needed to help inform development and use of diagnostic tests, therapeutics, and preventive measures.
Authors: Timothy Choi; Mark Devries; Leonard B Bacharier; William Busse; Carlos A Camargo; Robyn Cohen; Gregory P Demuri; Michael D Evans; Anne M Fitzpatrick; Peter J Gergen; Kristine Grindle; Rebecca Gruchalla; Tina Hartert; Kohei Hasegawa; Gurjit K Khurana Hershey; Patrick Holt; Kiara Homil; Tuomas Jartti; Meyer Kattan; Carolyn Kercsmar; Haejin Kim; Ingrid A Laing; Petra LeBeau; Kristine E Lee; Peter N Le Souëf; Andrew Liu; David T Mauger; Carole Ober; Tressa Pappas; Shilpa J Patel; Wanda Phipatanakul; Jacqueline Pongracic; Christine Seroogy; Peter D Sly; Christopher Tisler; Ellen R Wald; Robert Wood; Ronald Gangnon; Daniel J Jackson; Robert F Lemanske; James E Gern; Yury A Bochkov Journal: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Date: 2021-04-01 Impact factor: 30.528
Authors: Thrimendra Kaushika Dissanayake; Sascha Schäuble; Mohammad Hassan Mirhakkak; Wai-Lan Wu; Anthony Chin-Ki Ng; Cyril C Y Yip; Albert García López; Thomas Wolf; Man-Lung Yeung; Kwok-Hung Chan; Kwok-Yung Yuen; Gianni Panagiotou; Kelvin Kai-Wang To Journal: Front Microbiol Date: 2020-07-21 Impact factor: 5.640