Aifang Han1, James K H Tsoi2, Jukka P Matinlinna3, Yu Zhang4, Zhuofan Chen5. 1. Dental Materials Science, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China. 2. Dental Materials Science, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. Electronic address: jkhtsoi@hku.hk. 3. Dental Materials Science, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. 4. Department of Biomaterials & Biomimetics, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, USA. 5. Dental Materials Science, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China. Electronic address: dentistczf@163.com.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The current laboratory study was to investigate the effect of different sterilization treatments on surface characteristics of zirconia, and biofilm formation on zirconia surface after exposure to these sterilization treatments. METHODS: Commercially available zirconia discs (Cerconbase, Degu-Dent, Hanau, Germany) were prepared and polished to the same value of surface roughness. The discs were treated with one of the following sterilization methods steam autoclave sterilization, dry heat sterilization, ultraviolet C (UVC) irradiation, and gamma (γ) ray irradiation. The characteristics of zirconia surfaces were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), surface roughness, surface free energy (SFE), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements. Then, Staphylococcus aureus (S.a.) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g.) bacteria were used and cultured on the respective sterilized zirconia surfaces. The amount of biofilm formation on zirconia surface was quantified by colony forming unit (CFU) counts. RESULTS: Significant modifications were detected on the colour and SFE of zirconia. The colour of zirconia samples after UVC irradiation became light yellow whilst dark brown colour was observed after gamma ray irradiation. Moreover, UVC and gamma ray irradiation increased the hydrophilicity of zirconia surface. Overall, dry heat sterilized samples showed the significantly lowest amount of bacteria growth on zirconia, while UVC and gamma ray irradiation resulted in the highest. SIGNIFICANCE: It is evident that various sterilization methods could change the surface which contribute to different biofilm formation and colour on zirconia.
OBJECTIVE: The current laboratory study was to investigate the effect of different sterilization treatments on surface characteristics of zirconia, and biofilm formation on zirconia surface after exposure to these sterilization treatments. METHODS: Commercially available zirconia discs (Cerconbase, Degu-Dent, Hanau, Germany) were prepared and polished to the same value of surface roughness. The discs were treated with one of the following sterilization methods steam autoclave sterilization, dry heat sterilization, ultraviolet C (UVC) irradiation, and gamma (γ) ray irradiation. The characteristics of zirconia surfaces were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), surface roughness, surface free energy (SFE), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements. Then, Staphylococcus aureus (S.a.) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g.) bacteria were used and cultured on the respective sterilized zirconia surfaces. The amount of biofilm formation on zirconia surface was quantified by colony forming unit (CFU) counts. RESULTS: Significant modifications were detected on the colour and SFE of zirconia. The colour of zirconia samples after UVC irradiation became light yellow whilst dark brown colour was observed after gamma ray irradiation. Moreover, UVC and gamma ray irradiation increased the hydrophilicity of zirconia surface. Overall, dry heat sterilized samples showed the significantly lowest amount of bacteria growth on zirconia, while UVC and gamma ray irradiation resulted in the highest. SIGNIFICANCE: It is evident that various sterilization methods could change the surface which contribute to different biofilm formation and colour on zirconia.
Authors: N Kournetas; S Spintzyk; E Schweizer; T Sawada; F Said; P Schmid; J Geis-Gerstorfer; G Eliades; F Rupp Journal: Dent Mater Date: 2017-06-03 Impact factor: 5.304
Authors: Rolando A Gittens; Lutz Scheideler; Frank Rupp; Sharon L Hyzy; Jürgen Geis-Gerstorfer; Zvi Schwartz; Barbara D Boyan Journal: Acta Biomater Date: 2014-04-05 Impact factor: 8.947
Authors: A Eguia; A Arakistain; I De-la-Pinta; J López-Vicente; E Sevillano; G Quindós; E Eraso Journal: Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal Date: 2020-01-01