Inter-residue, inter-protein and inter-family coevolution: bridging the scales.

Interacting proteins coevolve at multiple but interconnected scales, from the residue-residue over the protein-protein up to the family-family level. The recent accumulation of enormous amounts of sequence data allows for the development of novel, data-driven computational approaches. Notably, these approaches can bridge scales within a single statistical framework. Although being currently applied mostly to isolated problems on single scales, their immense potential for an evolutionary informed, structural systems biology is steadily emerging.