Xinqian Geng1, Lulu Geng1, Yinan Zhang2, Huijuan Lu1, Yixie Shen1, Ruihua Chen1, Pingyan Fang1, Minfang Tao3, Congrong Wang4, Weiping Jia1. 1. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes, The Metabolic Diseases Biobank, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China. 2. The Metabolic Diseases Biobank, Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China. 3. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Clinical Center for Severe Maternal Rescue, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China. taomf@sjtu.edu.cn. 4. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes, The Metabolic Diseases Biobank, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China. crwang@sjtu.edu.cn.
Abstract
AIMS: Fetal sex has recently emerged as a new factor that is related to maternal glucose homeostasis during pregnancy. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of fetal sex on maternal glucose metabolism in women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) during pregnancy in the Chinese population. METHODS: A total of 877 pregnant women with NGT were recruited at 24-28 weeks of gestation and underwent a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Pregnant women were divided into two groups according to fetal sex. Physical examinations and laboratory tests were performed. Pancreatic β-cell function and insulin sensitivity were evaluated using OGTT-derived indices. RESULTS: Compared with women bearing female fetuses, women who delivered male fetuses had higher fasting plasma glucose (FPG) concentrations [4.5 (4.2-4.8) vs. 4.4 (4.2-4.7) mmol/L, P < 0.05], but lower HOMA-β [161.9 (118.2-238.8) vs. 181.0 (131.7-260.9), P < 0.05] and Stumvoll first phase of insulin secretion [1230.2 (1077.9-1433.7) vs. 1290.9 (1134.0-1493.2), P < 0.05]. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that the sex of the fetus was independently associated with maternal FPG and HOMA-β. Further binary logistic regression analyses revealed that the presence of a male fetus was significantly associated with elevated FPG [odds ratio (OR) 1.50; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.12-2.00; P = 0.006] and lower HOMA-β (OR 0.70; 95% CI 0.52-0.94; P = 0.018) even after adjustment for potential confounders. CONCLUSIONS: This study provided evidence that maternal glucose metabolism could be affected by fetal sex even in NGT pregnant women. Our results suggest that the presence of male fetuses was independently associated with maternal elevated FPG and lower basal β-cell function.
AIMS: Fetal sex has recently emerged as a new factor that is related to maternal glucose homeostasis during pregnancy. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of fetal sex on maternal glucose metabolism in women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) during pregnancy in the Chinese population. METHODS: A total of 877 pregnant women with NGT were recruited at 24-28 weeks of gestation and underwent a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Pregnant women were divided into two groups according to fetal sex. Physical examinations and laboratory tests were performed. Pancreatic β-cell function and insulin sensitivity were evaluated using OGTT-derived indices. RESULTS: Compared with women bearing female fetuses, women who delivered male fetuses had higher fasting plasma glucose (FPG) concentrations [4.5 (4.2-4.8) vs. 4.4 (4.2-4.7) mmol/L, P < 0.05], but lower HOMA-β [161.9 (118.2-238.8) vs. 181.0 (131.7-260.9), P < 0.05] and Stumvoll first phase of insulin secretion [1230.2 (1077.9-1433.7) vs. 1290.9 (1134.0-1493.2), P < 0.05]. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that the sex of the fetus was independently associated with maternal FPG and HOMA-β. Further binary logistic regression analyses revealed that the presence of a male fetus was significantly associated with elevated FPG [odds ratio (OR) 1.50; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.12-2.00; P = 0.006] and lower HOMA-β (OR 0.70; 95% CI 0.52-0.94; P = 0.018) even after adjustment for potential confounders. CONCLUSIONS: This study provided evidence that maternal glucose metabolism could be affected by fetal sex even in NGT pregnant women. Our results suggest that the presence of male fetuses was independently associated with maternal elevated FPG and lower basal β-cell function.
Authors: Joshua B Rubin; Joseph S Lagas; Lauren Broestl; Jasmin Sponagel; Nathan Rockwell; Gina Rhee; Sarah F Rosen; Si Chen; Robyn S Klein; Princess Imoukhuede; Jingqin Luo Journal: Biol Sex Differ Date: 2020-04-15 Impact factor: 5.027
Authors: Julia Bandres-Meriz; Anna M Dieberger; Denise Hoch; Caroline Pöchlauer; Martina Bachbauer; Andreas Glasner; Tobias Niedrist; Mireille N M van Poppel; Gernot Desoye Journal: Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) Date: 2020-10-09 Impact factor: 5.555