Preoperative evaluation of adult patients before elective, noncardiothoracic surgery : Joint recommendation of the German Society of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, the German Society of Surgery, and the German Society of Internal Medicine.

Evaluation of the patient's medical history and a physical examination are the cornerstones of risk assessment prior to elective surgery, and may help to optimize the patient's preoperative medical condition and guide perioperative management. Whether performance of additional technical tests (e. g., blood chemistry, electrocardiography, spirometry, chest x‑ray) can contribute to reduction of the perioperative risk is often not well known or controversial. Similarly, there is considerable uncertainty among anesthesiologists, internists, and surgeons with respect to perioperative management of the patient's long-term medication. Therefore, the German Scientific Societies of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine (DGAI), Internal Medicine (DGIM), and Surgery (DGCH) have joined to elaborate recommendations on the preoperative evaluation of adult patients prior to elective noncardiothoracic surgery which were initially published in 2010. These recommendations have now been updated based on the current literature and existing international guidelines. In the first part, the general principles of preoperative evaluation are described (part A). The current concepts for extended evaluation of patients with known or suspected major cardiovascular disease are presented in part B. Finally, the perioperative management of patients' long-term medication is discussed (part C). The concepts proposed in these interdisciplinary recommendations endorsed by the DGAI, DGIM, and DGCH provide a common basis for structured preoperative risk assessment and management. These recommendations aim to ensure that surgical patients undergo a rational preoperative assessment and, at the same time, aim to avoid unnecessary, costly, and potentially dangerous testing. The joint recommendations reflect the current state-of-the-art knowledge as well as expert opinions, because scientific-based evidence is not always available. These recommendations will be subject to regular re-evaluation and updating when new validated evidence becomes available.Contribution available free of charge by "Free Access".