Maddalena Peghin1, Massimo Maiani2, Nadia Castaldo1, Filippo Givone1, Elda Righi1, Andrea Lechiancole2, Assunta Sartor3, Federico Pea4, Ugolino Livi2, Matteo Bassetti5. 1. Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases Clinic, University of Udine and Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata Presidio Ospedaliero Universitario Santa Maria della Misericordia, Udine, Italy. 2. Cardiothoracic Department, University of Udine and Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata Presidio Ospedaliero Universitario Santa Maria della Misericordia, Udine, Italy. 3. Microbiology Unit, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata Presidio Ospedaliero Universitario Santa Maria della Misericordia, Udine, Italy. 4. Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata Presidio Ospedaliero Universitario Santa Maria della Misericordia, Udine, Italy. 5. Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases Clinic, University of Udine and Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata Presidio Ospedaliero Universitario Santa Maria della Misericordia, Udine, Italy. matteo.bassetti@asuiud.sanita.fvg.it.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Ceftolozane/tazobactam (C/T) is a novel antibiotic with enhanced microbiological activity against multidrug-resistant (MDR) gram-negative bacteria, including MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa. CASE REPORT: Five months after left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation, a 49-year old man developed fever and blood culture was positive for MDR P. aeruginosa, susceptible only to aminoglycosides, ciprofloxacin and colistin. A diagnosis of LVAD-related infection was made based on persistent bacteremia associated with moderate 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/CT uptake in the left ventricular apex. Disk diffusion testing for C/T was performed (MIC 2 μg/mL) and intravenous antibiotic therapy with C/T and amikacin was started, with clinical and microbiological response. Initial conservative management with 6 weeks of systemic antibiotic therapy was attempted, but the patient relapsed one month after antibiotic discontinuation. Priority for transplantation was given and after 4 weeks of antibiotic therapy (C/T + amikacin), LVAD removal and heart transplant were performed, with no infection relapse. CONCLUSIONS: We reported the first off-label use of C/T in the management of MDR P. aeruginosa LVAD infection as a bridge to heart transplant. C/T has shown potent anti-pseudomonal activity and good safety profile making this drug as a good candidate for suppressive strategy in intravascular device-associated bloodstream infections caused by MDR P. aeruginosa.
BACKGROUND:Ceftolozane/tazobactam (C/T) is a novel antibiotic with enhanced microbiological activity against multidrug-resistant (MDR) gram-negative bacteria, including MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa. CASE REPORT: Five months after left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation, a 49-year old man developed fever and blood culture was positive for MDR P. aeruginosa, susceptible only to aminoglycosides, ciprofloxacin and colistin. A diagnosis of LVAD-related infection was made based on persistent bacteremia associated with moderate 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/CT uptake in the left ventricular apex. Disk diffusion testing for C/T was performed (MIC 2 μg/mL) and intravenous antibiotic therapy with C/T and amikacin was started, with clinical and microbiological response. Initial conservative management with 6 weeks of systemic antibiotic therapy was attempted, but the patient relapsed one month after antibiotic discontinuation. Priority for transplantation was given and after 4 weeks of antibiotic therapy (C/T + amikacin), LVAD removal and heart transplant were performed, with no infection relapse. CONCLUSIONS: We reported the first off-label use of C/T in the management of MDR P. aeruginosa LVAD infection as a bridge to heart transplant. C/T has shown potent anti-pseudomonal activity and good safety profile making this drug as a good candidate for suppressive strategy in intravascular device-associated bloodstream infections caused by MDR P. aeruginosa.
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