Carlos Aguilera-Serrano1,2, Jose Guzman-Parra1,3, Juan A Garcia-Sanchez1, Berta Moreno-Küstner4, Fermin Mayoral-Cleries1. 1. 1 Department of Mental Health, University General Hospital of Malaga, Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga (IBIMA), Malaga, Spain. 2. 2 University of Málaga, Andalucía Tech, Faculty of Psychology, Málaga, Spain. 3. 3 Departamento Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológico, Grupo GAP, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Málaga, Spain. 4. 4 University of Málaga, Malaga, Spain.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This systematic review presents evidence regarding factors that may influence the patient's subjective experience of an episode of mechanical restraint, seclusion, or forced administration of medication. METHOD: Two authors searched CINAHL, PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Psych-Info, considering published studies between 1 January 1992 and 1 February 2016. Based on the inclusion criteria and methodological quality, 34 studies were selected, reporting a total sample of 1,869 participants. RESULTS: The results showed that the provision of information, contact and interaction with staff, and adequate communication with professionals are factors that influence the subjective experience of these measures. Humane treatment, respect, and staff support are also associated with a better experience, and debriefing is an important procedure/technique to reduce the emotional impact of these measures. Likewise, the quality of the working and physical environment and some individual and treatment variables were related to the experience of these measures. There are different results in relation to the most frequently associated experiences and, despite some data that indicate positive experiences, the evidence shows such experiences to be predominantly negative and frequently with adverse consequences. It seems that patients find forced medication and seclusion to be more tolerable than mechanical restraint and combined measures. CONCLUSIONS: It appears that the role of the staff and the environmental conditions, which are potentially modifiable, affect the subjective experience of these measures. There was considerable heterogeneity among studies in terms of coercive measures experienced by participants and study designs.
OBJECTIVE: This systematic review presents evidence regarding factors that may influence the patient's subjective experience of an episode of mechanical restraint, seclusion, or forced administration of medication. METHOD: Two authors searched CINAHL, PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Psych-Info, considering published studies between 1 January 1992 and 1 February 2016. Based on the inclusion criteria and methodological quality, 34 studies were selected, reporting a total sample of 1,869 participants. RESULTS: The results showed that the provision of information, contact and interaction with staff, and adequate communication with professionals are factors that influence the subjective experience of these measures. Humane treatment, respect, and staff support are also associated with a better experience, and debriefing is an important procedure/technique to reduce the emotional impact of these measures. Likewise, the quality of the working and physical environment and some individual and treatment variables were related to the experience of these measures. There are different results in relation to the most frequently associated experiences and, despite some data that indicate positive experiences, the evidence shows such experiences to be predominantly negative and frequently with adverse consequences. It seems that patients find forced medication and seclusion to be more tolerable than mechanical restraint and combined measures. CONCLUSIONS: It appears that the role of the staff and the environmental conditions, which are potentially modifiable, affect the subjective experience of these measures. There was considerable heterogeneity among studies in terms of coercive measures experienced by participants and study designs.
Authors: Julia Stoll; Anna Lisa Westermair; Ulrike Kübler; Thomas Reisch; Katja Cattapan; René Bridler; Robert Maier; Manuel Trachsel Journal: BMC Psychiatry Date: 2022-06-01 Impact factor: 4.144
Authors: Guru S Gowda; Peter Lepping; Sujoy Ray; Eric Noorthoorn; Raveesh Bevinahalli Nanjegowda; Channaveerachari Naveen Kumar; Suresh Bada Math Journal: Indian J Psychiatry Date: 2019 Mar-Apr Impact factor: 1.759