| Literature DB >> 29061221 |
Wenqiu Zhang1, Yongqi Li1, Di Wu1.
Abstract
The use of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) in the treatment of sensitive EGFR mutation in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been proved significant curative effect. However, the acquisition of the drug resistance to EGFR-TKIs is almost inevitable, and common drug resistance mechanisms include T790M mutation, cMET amplification, etc. One of the rare resistance mechanisms of EGFR-TKIs is the transformation from NSCLC into small cell lung cancer (SCLC), which account for about 3%-15%. It is an important rare drug resistance mechanism which is not well understood. Therefore, it is necessary to review the present situation and the progress of the this drug resistance mechanism. This article summarizes these hypothesizes from two parts, which are respectively the "common origin" and "transformation time node". At present, two possible mechanisms of this kind of transformation has been proposed, which are respectively the hypothesis of the tumor heterogeneity and the hypothesis of the transformation from NSCLC into SCLC. This article also involves a lot of changes in the level of molecules, such as the lack of RB1 gene, the inactivation of P53 gene and the mutation of PTEN M264I gene, etc. At the same time, this article summarizes the characteristics, the diagnostic methods and the treatment strategy of this kind of transformation. There are still many problems which need further research and resolution.Entities:
Keywords: Drug resistance; Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor; Lung neoplasms; Mechanism; Transformation
Mesh:
Substances:
Year: 2017 PMID: 29061221 PMCID: PMC5972996 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2017.10.10
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi ISSN: 1009-3419
1“共同起源”与两种假说之间的联系与区别。A:共同起源;B:肿瘤异质性假说;C:NSCLC转化为SCLC假说。肿瘤干细胞(CSC1)在增殖分化的过程中,分化为具有特定分化能力的肿瘤定向干细胞(CSC2),该肿瘤定向干细胞既可能同时分化为NSCLC细胞和SCLC细胞,形成异质性肿瘤,EGFR-TKI可减少或消灭NSCLC细胞,而SCLC细胞残留并逐渐占主导作用,即“肿瘤异质性假说”,也可能先分化为NSCLC细胞,该NSCLC细胞在EGFR-TKI的压力下转化为SCLC细胞,即“NSCLC转化为SCLC假说”。
The association and difference between the origin of cancer stem cell and two hypothesis. A: The origin of cancer stem cell; B: The hypothesis of the tumor heterogeneity; C: The hypothesis of the transformation from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to small cell lung cancer (SCLC). During the process of proliferation and differentiation, an original cancer stem cell (CSC1) differentiate into an cancer stem cell (CSC2) with the ability of specific differentiation. This cancer stem cell (CSC2) can not only differentiate into NSCLC and SCLC cell and form the tumor heterogeneity at the same time, and EGFR-TKI can reduce or eliminate NSCLC cells, and SCLC cells residue and gradually play a leading role, which is the hypothesis of the tumor heterogeneity, but also differentiate into NSCLC cell firstly, then transform into SCLC under the pressure of EGFR-TKI, which is the hypothesis of the transformation from NSCLC into SCLC.
2肿瘤对EGFR-TKI敏感或耐药及其基因和表型变化。携带EGFR L858R敏感突变的NSCLC经历EGFR-TKI治疗后转化为SCLC,转化SCLC保留原有EGFR L858R突变,同时携带新发PIC3CA突变,经过7个月的化疗,再次活检,发现SCLC重新转化为NSCLC,该NSCLC只携带原有EGFR L858R敏感突变,新发PIC3CA突变消失,此时继续给予EGFR-TKI,再次因SCLC转化的发生产生耐药,此SCLC同样保留原有EGFR L858R基因突变,同时含有新发PIC3CA突变。
The change of the sensitivity or resistance and gene and phenotype of tumor after the treatment of EGFR-TKI. NSCLC which had sensitive EGFR L858R mutation transformed into SCLC after the treatment of EGFR-TKI, and the transformed SCLC not only retained the original EGFR L858R mutation, but also contained new PIC3CA mutation. After 7 months of chemotherapy, the second biopsy revealed NSCLC, which only contained sensitive EGFR L858R mutation, and no new PIC3CA mutation was found. At this time, EGFR-TKI was given again, then the resistance occured again because of SCLC transformation, which not only retained the original EGFR L858R mutation, but also contained new PIC3CA mutation.