Scott Griffiths1, Stuart B Murray2, Matthew Dunn3, Aaron J Blashill4. 1. Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia. Electronic address: scottgriffiths@gmail.com. 2. Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, CA, United States. 3. School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia. 4. Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, CA, United States; San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, CA, United States.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Gay and bisexual men may be at heightened risk for using anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS). Few studies, however, have examined AAS use among gay and bisexual men living in countries outside the United States. In addition, few studies have explored the potential associations of AAS use with body image concerns beyond muscularity, including height and genitals, or with eating disorder symptoms and quality of life. Thus, we examined the associations of AAS use, and of thoughts about using AAS, with body image, eating disorder symptoms, and quality of life among gay and bisexual men living in Australia and New Zealand. METHODS: A sample of 2733 gay and bisexual men completed an online survey promoted by paid nationwide advertisements to users of geosocial-networking smartphone applications. RESULTS: The prevalence of AAS use, and of thoughts about using AAS, were 5.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.4%, 6.1%) and 25.4% (95% CI: 23.8%, 27.1%), respectively. Multivariate analyses revealed that more frequent thoughts about using AAS were associated with being older, taller, and experiencing greater dissatisfaction with muscularity and height, less dissatisfaction with body fat, greater eating disorder symptoms, and lower subjective quality of life. Actual AAS users were more likely to be older, from a non-Australian/New Zealander cultural background, experiencing less dissatisfaction with body fat, and experiencing greater eating disorder symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Psychopathology related to body image and eating disorders are associated with AAS use among gay and bisexual men living in Australia and New Zealand.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Gay and bisexual men may be at heightened risk for using anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS). Few studies, however, have examined AAS use among gay and bisexual men living in countries outside the United States. In addition, few studies have explored the potential associations of AAS use with body image concerns beyond muscularity, including height and genitals, or with eating disorder symptoms and quality of life. Thus, we examined the associations of AAS use, and of thoughts about using AAS, with body image, eating disorder symptoms, and quality of life among gay and bisexual men living in Australia and New Zealand. METHODS: A sample of 2733 gay and bisexual men completed an online survey promoted by paid nationwide advertisements to users of geosocial-networking smartphone applications. RESULTS: The prevalence of AAS use, and of thoughts about using AAS, were 5.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.4%, 6.1%) and 25.4% (95% CI: 23.8%, 27.1%), respectively. Multivariate analyses revealed that more frequent thoughts about using AAS were associated with being older, taller, and experiencing greater dissatisfaction with muscularity and height, less dissatisfaction with body fat, greater eating disorder symptoms, and lower subjective quality of life. Actual AAS users were more likely to be older, from a non-Australian/New Zealander cultural background, experiencing less dissatisfaction with body fat, and experiencing greater eating disorder symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Psychopathology related to body image and eating disorders are associated with AAS use among gay and bisexual men living in Australia and New Zealand.
Authors: Jason M Nagata; Rebecka Peebles; Katherine B Hill; Sasha Gorrell; Jennifer L Carlson Journal: Eat Disord Date: 2020-03-04 Impact factor: 3.663
Authors: Jason M Nagata; F Hunter McGuire; Jason M Lavender; Tiffany A Brown; Stuart B Murray; Emilio J Compte; Chloe J Cattle; Annesa Flentje; Micah E Lubensky; Juno Obedin-Maliver; Mitchell R Lunn Journal: Eat Behav Date: 2022-01-12