Stacie E Geller1, Abigail R Koch, Pamela Roesch, Amarette Filut, Emily Hallgren, Molly Carnes. 1. S.E. Geller is G. William Arends Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology and director, Center for Research on Women and Gender, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois. A.R. Koch is senior research specialist, Center for Research on Women and Gender, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois. P. Roesch is research specialist, Center for Research on Women and Gender, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois. A. Filut is research assistant, Center for Women's Health Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin. E. Hallgren is research assistant, Center for Research on Women and Gender, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois. M. Carnes is professor of medicine, psychiatry, and industrial & systems engineering and director, Center for Women's Health Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin.
Abstract
PURPOSE: The National Institutes of Health (NIH) Revitalization Act of 1993 requires NIH-funded clinical trials to include women and minorities as participants and assess outcomes by sex and race or ethnicity. The objective of this study was to investigate current levels of compliance with these guidelines for inclusion, analysis, and reporting in NIH-funded randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and compare the results with those from 2009 and 2004, which the authors reported previously. METHOD: The authors identified 782 RCTs published in 14 leading U.S. medical journals in 2015 with a PubMed search. Of those, 142 were the primary report of an NIH-funded RCT, conducted in the United States, and eligible for analysis. The authors reviewed abstract, text, and tables of each eligible study as well as any follow-up published commentary to determine compliance with NIH guidelines. RESULTS: Thirty-five studies limited enrollment to one sex. The median enrollment of women in the remaining 107 studies was 46%, but 16 (15.0%) enrolled less than 30% women. Twenty-eight of the 107 (26%) reported at least one outcome by sex or explicitly included sex as a covariate in statistical analysis. Of the 142 studies, 19 (13.4%) analyzed or reported outcomes by race or ethnicity. There were no statistically significant changes in inclusion, analysis, or reporting by sex, race, or ethnicity compared with the previous studies. CONCLUSIONS: NIH policies have not resulted in significant increases in reporting results by sex, race, or ethnicity. The authors recommend strong journal policies to increase compliance with NIH policies.
PURPOSE: The National Institutes of Health (NIH) Revitalization Act of 1993 requires NIH-funded clinical trials to include women and minorities as participants and assess outcomes by sex and race or ethnicity. The objective of this study was to investigate current levels of compliance with these guidelines for inclusion, analysis, and reporting in NIH-funded randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and compare the results with those from 2009 and 2004, which the authors reported previously. METHOD: The authors identified 782 RCTs published in 14 leading U.S. medical journals in 2015 with a PubMed search. Of those, 142 were the primary report of an NIH-funded RCT, conducted in the United States, and eligible for analysis. The authors reviewed abstract, text, and tables of each eligible study as well as any follow-up published commentary to determine compliance with NIH guidelines. RESULTS: Thirty-five studies limited enrollment to one sex. The median enrollment of women in the remaining 107 studies was 46%, but 16 (15.0%) enrolled less than 30% women. Twenty-eight of the 107 (26%) reported at least one outcome by sex or explicitly included sex as a covariate in statistical analysis. Of the 142 studies, 19 (13.4%) analyzed or reported outcomes by race or ethnicity. There were no statistically significant changes in inclusion, analysis, or reporting by sex, race, or ethnicity compared with the previous studies. CONCLUSIONS: NIH policies have not resulted in significant increases in reporting results by sex, race, or ethnicity. The authors recommend strong journal policies to increase compliance with NIH policies.
Authors: Seth S Leopold; Lee Beadling; Matthew B Dobbs; Mark C Gebhardt; Paul A Lotke; Paul A Manner; Clare M Rimnac; Montri D Wongworawat Journal: Clin Orthop Relat Res Date: 2013-11-26 Impact factor: 4.176
Authors: Helen M Pettinati; Kyle M Kampman; Kevin G Lynch; Jesse J Suh; Charles A Dackis; David W Oslin; Charles P O'Brien Journal: J Subst Abuse Treat Date: 2007-07-30
Authors: Monica Webb Hooper; Taghrid Asfar; Marina Unrod; Asha Dorsey; John B Correa; Karen O Brandon; Vani N Simmons; Michael A Antoni; Tulay Koru-Sengul; David J Lee; Thomas H Brandon Journal: Ethn Dis Date: 2019-01-17 Impact factor: 1.847
Authors: Matthew E Arnegard; Lori A Whitten; Chyren Hunter; Janine Austin Clayton Journal: J Womens Health (Larchmt) Date: 2020-01-22 Impact factor: 2.681
Authors: Liisa A M Galea; Elena Choleris; Arianne Y K Albert; Margaret M McCarthy; Farida Sohrabji Journal: Front Neuroendocrinol Date: 2019-12-16 Impact factor: 8.606
Authors: Iain C Macdougall; Claire White; Stefan D Anker; Sunil Bhandari; Kenneth Farrington; Philip A Kalra; John J V McMurray; Heather Murray; Retha Steenkamp; Charles R V Tomson; David C Wheeler; Christopher G Winearls; Ian Ford Journal: Am J Nephrol Date: 2018-10-10 Impact factor: 3.754