Jason R Anderson1, Ian Carroll2, M Andrea Azcarate-Peril3, Amber D Rochette1, Leslie J Heinberg4, Christine Peat5, Kristine Steffen6, Lisa M Manderino1, James Mitchell7, John Gunstad8. 1. Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, 600 Hilltop Drive, Kent, OH, 44242, USA. 2. Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 321 S Columbia Street, Chapel Hill, NC, 27516, USA. 3. Department of Medicine and Microbiome Core Facility, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, 321 S Columbia Street, Chapel Hill, NC, 27516, USA. 4. Cleveland Clinic, Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA. 5. Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, 321 S Columbia Street, Chapel Hill, NC, 27516, USA. 6. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nursing and Allied Sciences, North Dakota State University, PO Box 6050, Fargo, ND, 58102, USA. 7. Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, 120 South 8th Street, Fargo, ND, 58107, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, School of Medicine and Health Services, University of North Dakota, 1919 Elm Street North, Fargo, ND, 58102, USA. 8. Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, 600 Hilltop Drive, Kent, OH, 44242, USA. Electronic address: jgunstad@kent.edu.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Inadequate sleep increases the risk for age-related cognitive decline and recent work suggests a possible role of the gut microbiota in this phenomenon. Partial sleep deprivation alters the human gut microbiome, and its composition is associated with cognitive flexibility in animal models. Given these findings, we examined the possible relationship among the gut microbiome, sleep quality, and cognitive flexibility in a sample of healthy older adults. METHODS: Thirty-seven participants (age 64.59 ± 7.54 years) provided a stool sample for gut microbial sequencing and completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Stroop Color Word Test as part of a larger project. RESULTS: Better sleep quality was associated with better Stroop performance and higher proportions of the gut microbial phyla Verrucomicrobia and Lentisphaerae. Stroop Word and Color-Word performance correlated with higher proportions of Verrucomicrobia and Lentisphaerae. Partial correlations suggested that the relationship between Lentisphaerae and Stroop Color-Word performance was better accounted for by sleep quality; sleep quality remained a significant predictor of Color-Word performance, independent of the Lentisphaerae proportion, while the relationship between Lentisphaerae and Stroop performance was non-significant. Verrucomicrobia and sleep quality were not associated with Stroop Word performance independent of one another. CONCLUSIONS: The current findings suggest a possible relationship among sleep quality, composition of the gut microbiome, and cognitive flexibility in healthy older adults. Prospective and experimental studies are needed to confirm these findings and determine whether improving microbiome health may buffer against sleep-related cognitive decline in older adults.
OBJECTIVES: Inadequate sleep increases the risk for age-related cognitive decline and recent work suggests a possible role of the gut microbiota in this phenomenon. Partial sleep deprivation alters the humangut microbiome, and its composition is associated with cognitive flexibility in animal models. Given these findings, we examined the possible relationship among the gut microbiome, sleep quality, and cognitive flexibility in a sample of healthy older adults. METHODS: Thirty-seven participants (age 64.59 ± 7.54 years) provided a stool sample for gut microbial sequencing and completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Stroop Color Word Test as part of a larger project. RESULTS: Better sleep quality was associated with better Stroop performance and higher proportions of the gut microbial phyla Verrucomicrobia and Lentisphaerae. Stroop Word and Color-Word performance correlated with higher proportions of Verrucomicrobia and Lentisphaerae. Partial correlations suggested that the relationship between Lentisphaerae and Stroop Color-Word performance was better accounted for by sleep quality; sleep quality remained a significant predictor of Color-Word performance, independent of the Lentisphaerae proportion, while the relationship between Lentisphaerae and Stroop performance was non-significant. Verrucomicrobia and sleep quality were not associated with Stroop Word performance independent of one another. CONCLUSIONS: The current findings suggest a possible relationship among sleep quality, composition of the gut microbiome, and cognitive flexibility in healthy older adults. Prospective and experimental studies are needed to confirm these findings and determine whether improving microbiome health may buffer against sleep-related cognitive decline in older adults.
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