F Baron1, A Ruggeri2,3, E Beohou4, M Labopin4, M Mohty3, J Sanz5, S Vigouroux6, S Furst7, A Bosi8, P Chevallier9, J J Cornelissen10, M Michallet11, J Sierra12, D Karakasis13, B N Savani14, E Gluckman15, A Nagler4,16. 1. Laboratory of Hematology, GIGA-I3, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium. 2. Eurocord, Hospital Saint Louis, AP-HP, IUH University Paris VII, Paris, France. 3. Service d'Hématologie Clinique et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Université Pierre & Marie Curie and INSERM UMRs U938. 4. EBMT Paris Office, Hospital Saint Antoine, Paris, France. 5. Servicio de Hematologia, Hospital Universitario La Fe, Valencia, Spain. 6. Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France. 7. Department of Hematology, Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, France. 8. Hematology Unit, AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy. 9. Department of Hematology, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France. 10. Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Department of Hematology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. 11. Department of Hematology, Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, Lyon, France. 12. Hematology Department, IIB Sant Pau and Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institutes, Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain. 13. Department of Hematology and Lymphomas, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece. 14. Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA. 15. Eurocord, Hospital Saint Louis, AP-HP, France Monacord, Centre Scientifique de Monaco, IUH University Paris VII, Monaco city, Monaco. 16. Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat-Gan, Israel.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The efficacy of umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT) as treatment for acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) relies on immune-mediated graft-versus-leukaemia effects. Previous studies have suggested a strong association between graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) occurrence and graft-versus-leukaemia effects after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. METHODS: Here, we evaluated the kinetics of relapse rate in correlation with GVHD occurrence after UCBT. The kinetics of relapse rate over time in correlation to GVHD occurrence were assessed by calculating the relapse rate per patient-year within sequential 90-day intervals. The impact of GVHD on relapse and mortality was further studied in multivariate Cox models handling GVHD as a time-dependent covariate. RESULTS: The study included data from 1068 patients given single (n = 567) or double (n = 501) UCBT. The proportion of patients with grade II, III and IV acute GVHD was 20%, 7% and 4%, respectively. At 2 years, the cumulative incidence of chronic GVHD was 42%, the cumulative incidence of relapse was 32%, and overall survival was 32% as well. Relapse rates declined gradually over time during the first 30 months after transplantation. There was a possible suggestion that grade II-IV acute (HR = 0.8, P = 0.1) and chronic (HR = 0.65, P = 0.1) GVHD decreased relapse risk. However, grade II-IV acute GVHD significantly increased early (the first 18 months after UCBT) mortality (HR = 1.3, P = 0.02), whilst chronic GVHD increased each early (HR = 2.7, P < 0.001) and late (HR = 4.9, P < 0.001) mortality after UCBT. CONCLUSIONS: The occurrence of grade II-IV acute or chronic GVHD each increases overall mortality after UCBT for AML mitigating the possible graft-versus-leukemia effect of GVHD.
BACKGROUND: The efficacy of umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT) as treatment for acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) relies on immune-mediated graft-versus-leukaemia effects. Previous studies have suggested a strong association between graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) occurrence and graft-versus-leukaemia effects after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. METHODS: Here, we evaluated the kinetics of relapse rate in correlation with GVHD occurrence after UCBT. The kinetics of relapse rate over time in correlation to GVHD occurrence were assessed by calculating the relapse rate per patient-year within sequential 90-day intervals. The impact of GVHD on relapse and mortality was further studied in multivariate Cox models handling GVHD as a time-dependent covariate. RESULTS: The study included data from 1068 patients given single (n = 567) or double (n = 501) UCBT. The proportion of patients with grade II, III and IV acute GVHD was 20%, 7% and 4%, respectively. At 2 years, the cumulative incidence of chronic GVHD was 42%, the cumulative incidence of relapse was 32%, and overall survival was 32% as well. Relapse rates declined gradually over time during the first 30 months after transplantation. There was a possible suggestion that grade II-IV acute (HR = 0.8, P = 0.1) and chronic (HR = 0.65, P = 0.1) GVHD decreased relapse risk. However, grade II-IV acute GVHD significantly increased early (the first 18 months after UCBT) mortality (HR = 1.3, P = 0.02), whilst chronic GVHD increased each early (HR = 2.7, P < 0.001) and late (HR = 4.9, P < 0.001) mortality after UCBT. CONCLUSIONS: The occurrence of grade II-IV acute or chronic GVHD each increases overall mortality after UCBT for AML mitigating the possible graft-versus-leukemia effect of GVHD.
Authors: Frédéric Baron; Myriam Labopin; Johanna Tischer; Fabio Ciceri; Anna Maria Raiola; Didier Blaise; Simona Sica; Jan Vydra; Renato Fanin; Jose Luis Diez-Martin; Claude Eric Bulabois; Friedrich Stölzel; Alessandro Busca; Pavel Jindra; Yener Koc; Patrice Chevallier; Edouard Forcade; Wolf Rösler; Jakob Passweg; Alexander Kulagin; Angelo Michele Carella; Celestine Simand; Ali Bazarbachi; Pietro Pioltelli; Arnon Nagler; Mohamad Mohty Journal: Bone Marrow Transplant Date: 2022-08-17 Impact factor: 5.174