Nathan C Winn1, Ying Liu1, R Scott Rector2, Elizabeth J Parks1, Jamal A Ibdah3, Jill A Kanaley4. 1. Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States. 2. Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States; Medicine-Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States; Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial VA Hospital, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States. 3. Medicine-Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States. 4. Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States. Electronic address: kanaleyj@missouri.edu.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Exercise training is commonly prescribed for individuals diagnosed with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); however, consensus regarding the volume and intensity of exercise for optimal benefits is lacking. Thus, we determined whether high intensity interval exercise training (HIIT) produced greater reductions in intrahepatic lipid (IHL) content and NAFLD risk factors compared with energy-matched moderate intensity continuous exercise training (MICT) in obese adults with liver steatosis. METHODS:Eighteen obese adults were randomized to either 4weeks of HIIT (4min 80% VO2peak/3min, 50% VO2peak) or MICT (55% VO2peak, ~60min), matched for energy expenditure (~400kcal/session) and compared to five non-exercising age-matched control subjects. IHL was measured by 1H-MRS and frequent blood samples were analyzed for glucose, insulin, c-peptide, and NEFA levels during a liquid meal test (180min) to characterize metabolic phenotype. RESULTS:Baseline body weight, visceral abdominal adiposity, and fasting insulin concentrations were greater in the MICT vs HIIT group (P<0.05), while IHL was tightly matched between MICT and HIIT subjects (P>0.05), albeit higher than control subjects (P<0.01). Visceral abdominal adiposity, body mass, liver aminotransferases (ALT, AST), and hepatic apoptotic/inflammatory markers (cytokeratin 18 and fetuin a) were not reduced with either exercise training intervention (P>0.05). Both HIIT and MICT lowered IHL (HIIT, -37.0±12.4%; MICT, -20.1±6.6%, P<0.05); however, the reduction in IHL was not statistically different between exercise intensities (P=0.25). Furthermore, exercise training decreased postprandial insulin, c-peptide, and lipid peroxidation levels (iAUC, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, these findings indicate that energy-matched high intensity and moderate intensity exercise are effective at decreasing IHL and NAFLD risk that is not contingent upon reductions in abdominal adiposity or body mass.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Exercise training is commonly prescribed for individuals diagnosed with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); however, consensus regarding the volume and intensity of exercise for optimal benefits is lacking. Thus, we determined whether high intensity interval exercise training (HIIT) produced greater reductions in intrahepatic lipid (IHL) content and NAFLD risk factors compared with energy-matched moderate intensity continuous exercise training (MICT) in obese adults with liver steatosis. METHODS: Eighteen obese adults were randomized to either 4weeks of HIIT (4min 80% VO2peak/3min, 50% VO2peak) or MICT (55% VO2peak, ~60min), matched for energy expenditure (~400kcal/session) and compared to five non-exercising age-matched control subjects. IHL was measured by 1H-MRS and frequent blood samples were analyzed for glucose, insulin, c-peptide, and NEFA levels during a liquid meal test (180min) to characterize metabolic phenotype. RESULTS: Baseline body weight, visceral abdominal adiposity, and fasting insulin concentrations were greater in the MICT vs HIIT group (P<0.05), while IHL was tightly matched between MICT and HIIT subjects (P>0.05), albeit higher than control subjects (P<0.01). Visceral abdominal adiposity, body mass, liver aminotransferases (ALT, AST), and hepatic apoptotic/inflammatory markers (cytokeratin 18 and fetuin a) were not reduced with either exercise training intervention (P>0.05). Both HIIT and MICT lowered IHL (HIIT, -37.0±12.4%; MICT, -20.1±6.6%, P<0.05); however, the reduction in IHL was not statistically different between exercise intensities (P=0.25). Furthermore, exercise training decreased postprandial insulin, c-peptide, and lipid peroxidation levels (iAUC, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, these findings indicate that energy-matched high intensity and moderate intensity exercise are effective at decreasing IHL and NAFLD risk that is not contingent upon reductions in abdominal adiposity or body mass.
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