Raphael Martins de Abreu1, Patrícia Rehder-Santos1, Vinicius Minatel1, Gabriela Lopes Dos Santos2, Aparecida Maria Catai3. 1. Cardiovascular Physical Therapy Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil. 2. Laboratory of Neurological Physiotherapy Research, Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil. 3. Cardiovascular Physical Therapy Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: mcatai@ufscar.br.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To carry out a systematic review to determine if inspiratory muscle training (IMT) promotes changes in cardiovascular autonomic responses in humans. METHODS: The methodology followed the PRISMA statement for reporting systematic review analysis. MEDLINE, PEDro, SCOPUS and PubMed electronic databases were searched from the inception to March 2017. The quality assessment was performed using a PEDro scale. The articles were included if: (1) primary objective was related to the effects of IMT on the cardiovascular autonomic nervous system, and (2) randomized clinical trials and quasi-experimental studies. Exclusion criteria were reviews, short communications, letters, case studies, guidelines, theses, dissertations, qualitative studies, scientific conference abstracts, studies on animals, non-English language articles and articles addressing other breathing techniques. Outcomes evaluated were measures of cardiovascular autonomic control, represented by heart rate variability (HRV) and blood pressure variability (BPV) indexes. RESULTS: The search identified 729 citations and a total of 6 studies were included. The results demonstrated that IMT performed at low intensities can chronically promote an increase in the parasympathetic modulation and/or reduction of sympathetic cardiac modulation in patients with diabetes, hypertension, chronic heart failure and gastroesophageal reflux, when assessed by HRV spectral analysis. However, there was no study which evaluated the effects of IMT on cardiovascular autonomic control assessed by BPV. CONCLUSIONS: IMT can promote benefits for cardiac autonomic control, however the heterogeneity of populations associated with different protocols, few studies reported in the literature and the lack of randomized controlled trials make the effects of IMT on cardiovascular autonomic control inconclusive.
PURPOSE: To carry out a systematic review to determine if inspiratory muscle training (IMT) promotes changes in cardiovascular autonomic responses in humans. METHODS: The methodology followed the PRISMA statement for reporting systematic review analysis. MEDLINE, PEDro, SCOPUS and PubMed electronic databases were searched from the inception to March 2017. The quality assessment was performed using a PEDro scale. The articles were included if: (1) primary objective was related to the effects of IMT on the cardiovascular autonomic nervous system, and (2) randomized clinical trials and quasi-experimental studies. Exclusion criteria were reviews, short communications, letters, case studies, guidelines, theses, dissertations, qualitative studies, scientific conference abstracts, studies on animals, non-English language articles and articles addressing other breathing techniques. Outcomes evaluated were measures of cardiovascular autonomic control, represented by heart rate variability (HRV) and blood pressure variability (BPV) indexes. RESULTS: The search identified 729 citations and a total of 6 studies were included. The results demonstrated that IMT performed at low intensities can chronically promote an increase in the parasympathetic modulation and/or reduction of sympathetic cardiac modulation in patients with diabetes, hypertension, chronic heart failure and gastroesophageal reflux, when assessed by HRV spectral analysis. However, there was no study which evaluated the effects of IMT on cardiovascular autonomic control assessed by BPV. CONCLUSIONS: IMT can promote benefits for cardiac autonomic control, however the heterogeneity of populations associated with different protocols, few studies reported in the literature and the lack of randomized controlled trials make the effects of IMT on cardiovascular autonomic control inconclusive.
Authors: Daniel H Craighead; Kaitlin A Freeberg; Grace S Maurer; Valerie H Myers; Douglas R Seals Journal: Exerc Sport Sci Rev Date: 2022-03-14 Impact factor: 6.642
Authors: Gabriel Dias Rodrigues; Jonas Lírio Gurgel; Thiago Rodrigues Gonçalves; Pedro Paulo da Silva Soares Journal: Eur J Appl Physiol Date: 2018-03-16 Impact factor: 3.078
Authors: Raphael Martins de Abreu; Aparecida Maria Catai; Beatrice Cairo; Patricia Rehder-Santos; Claudio Donisete da Silva; Étore De Favari Signini; Camila Akemi Sakaguchi; Alberto Porta Journal: Front Physiol Date: 2020-02-25 Impact factor: 4.566
Authors: Graziella Fb Cipriano; Gerson Cipriano; Francisco V Santos; Adriana M Güntzel Chiappa; Luigi Pires; Lawrence Patrick Cahalin; Gaspar R Chiappa Journal: Integr Blood Press Control Date: 2019-05-20
Authors: Camila A Sakaguchi; David C Nieman; Etore F Signini; Raphael M de Abreu; Claudio D Silva; Patrícia Rehder-Santos; Maria G A Carosio; Roberta M Maria; Carla C Dato; Heloisa S S de Araújo; Tiago Venâncio; Antônio G Ferreira; Aparecida M Catai Journal: Metabolites Date: 2020-02-21