Govindanagouda V Naregal1, Basavaraj B Devaranavadagi2, Satish G Patil3, Basavaraj S Aski4. 1. Tutor, Department of Biochemistry, BLDE University's Sri B M Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka, India. 2. Professor, Department of Biochemistry, BLDE University's Sri B M Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka, India. 3. Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology, BLDE University's Sri B M Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka, India. 4. Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, BLDE University's Sri B M Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka, India.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Hypertension is becoming an important medical and public health problem all over the world and is the most common disorder of ageing. There is a growing evidence of involvement of vascular oxidative stress in the development of hypertension from animal studies. However, studies on humans with hypertension, particularly in elderly are least and data remained controversial. Moreover, studies in elderly people with hypertension are scarce. AIM: To investigate the possible role of oxidative stress and antioxidant defense in the pathogenesis of hypertension in elderly. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on elderly males (n=60) with newly diagnosed hypertension and with normal blood pressure. Oxidative stress and antioxidant status were evaluated by assessing the following parameters: plasma Malondialdehyde (MDA), and antioxidants: Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) activity, reduced Glutathione (GSH), and vitamin C levels; and total Nitric Oxide concentration in plasma (NOx). Difference between groups was determined by using unpaired t-test/Mann-Whitney U test. Bivariate correlation and multiple regression analysis were used to determine the relationship between variables. RESULTS: A significant rise in plasma MDA (p-value=0.013) and lower levels of endogenous antioxidants: SOD (p-value≤0.001) and GSH (p-value≤0.001) were observed in elderly individuals with hypertension when compared to healthy controls. Though not significant, there was a mean decrease in plasma NOx in hypertensive subjects than normotensive ones. While vitamin C showed no significant difference between two groups. Decrease in GSH (β=-0.398; p-value=0.001) and SOD (β=-0.423; p-value≤0.001) were the significant determinants of hypertension in elderly individuals. CONCLUSION: Above findings indicate that elevation in oxidative stress and decrease in endogenous antioxidant level may be involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension. However, it remains unclear whether oxidative stress causes or augments hypertension.
INTRODUCTION:Hypertension is becoming an important medical and public health problem all over the world and is the most common disorder of ageing. There is a growing evidence of involvement of vascular oxidative stress in the development of hypertension from animal studies. However, studies on humans with hypertension, particularly in elderly are least and data remained controversial. Moreover, studies in elderly people with hypertension are scarce. AIM: To investigate the possible role of oxidative stress and antioxidant defense in the pathogenesis of hypertension in elderly. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on elderly males (n=60) with newly diagnosed hypertension and with normal blood pressure. Oxidative stress and antioxidant status were evaluated by assessing the following parameters: plasma Malondialdehyde (MDA), and antioxidants: Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) activity, reduced Glutathione (GSH), and vitamin C levels; and total Nitric Oxide concentration in plasma (NOx). Difference between groups was determined by using unpaired t-test/Mann-Whitney U test. Bivariate correlation and multiple regression analysis were used to determine the relationship between variables. RESULTS: A significant rise in plasma MDA (p-value=0.013) and lower levels of endogenous antioxidants: SOD (p-value≤0.001) and GSH (p-value≤0.001) were observed in elderly individuals with hypertension when compared to healthy controls. Though not significant, there was a mean decrease in plasma NOx in hypertensive subjects than normotensive ones. While vitamin C showed no significant difference between two groups. Decrease in GSH (β=-0.398; p-value=0.001) and SOD (β=-0.423; p-value≤0.001) were the significant determinants of hypertension in elderly individuals. CONCLUSION: Above findings indicate that elevation in oxidative stress and decrease in endogenous antioxidant level may be involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension. However, it remains unclear whether oxidative stress causes or augments hypertension.
Entities:
Keywords:
Ageing; High blood pressure; Pathogenesis
Authors: Giuseppe Mancia; Robert Fagard; Krzysztof Narkiewicz; Josep Redon; Alberto Zanchetti; Michael Böhm; Thierry Christiaens; Renata Cifkova; Guy De Backer; Anna Dominiczak; Maurizio Galderisi; Diederick E Grobbee; Tiny Jaarsma; Paulus Kirchhof; Sverre E Kjeldsen; Stéphane Laurent; Athanasios J Manolis; Peter M Nilsson; Luis Miguel Ruilope; Roland E Schmieder; Per Anton Sirnes; Peter Sleight; Margus Viigimaa; Bernard Waeber; Faiez Zannad; Josep Redon; Anna Dominiczak; Krzysztof Narkiewicz; Peter M Nilsson; Michel Burnier; Margus Viigimaa; Ettore Ambrosioni; Mark Caufield; Antonio Coca; Michael Hecht Olsen; Roland E Schmieder; Costas Tsioufis; Philippe van de Borne; Jose Luis Zamorano; Stephan Achenbach; Helmut Baumgartner; Jeroen J Bax; Héctor Bueno; Veronica Dean; Christi Deaton; Cetin Erol; Robert Fagard; Roberto Ferrari; David Hasdai; Arno W Hoes; Paulus Kirchhof; Juhani Knuuti; Philippe Kolh; Patrizio Lancellotti; Ales Linhart; Petros Nihoyannopoulos; Massimo F Piepoli; Piotr Ponikowski; Per Anton Sirnes; Juan Luis Tamargo; Michal Tendera; Adam Torbicki; William Wijns; Stephan Windecker; Denis L Clement; Antonio Coca; Thierry C Gillebert; Michal Tendera; Enrico Agabiti Rosei; Ettore Ambrosioni; Stefan D Anker; Johann Bauersachs; Jana Brguljan Hitij; Mark Caulfield; Marc De Buyzere; Sabina De Geest; Geneviève Anne Derumeaux; Serap Erdine; Csaba Farsang; Christian Funck-Brentano; Vjekoslav Gerc; Giuseppe Germano; Stephan Gielen; Herman Haller; Arno W Hoes; Jens Jordan; Thomas Kahan; Michel Komajda; Dragan Lovic; Heiko Mahrholdt; Michael Hecht Olsen; Jan Ostergren; Gianfranco Parati; Joep Perk; Jorge Polonia; Bogdan A Popescu; Zeljko Reiner; Lars Rydén; Yuriy Sirenko; Alice Stanton; Harry Struijker-Boudier; Costas Tsioufis; Philippe van de Borne; Charalambos Vlachopoulos; Massimo Volpe; David A Wood Journal: Eur Heart J Date: 2013-06-14 Impact factor: 29.983