Yawen Zhou1, Ruili Li2, Xiaoxiao Wang1, Hui Miao1, Yarui Wei1, Rizwan Ali1, Bensheng Qiu1,3, Hongjun Li4. 1. Centers for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, China. 2. Department of Radiology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.8, Xi Tou Tiao, Youanmen Wai, Feng Tai District, Beijing, 10069, China. 3. Anhui Computer Application Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, 230038, China. 4. Department of Radiology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.8, Xi Tou Tiao, Youanmen Wai, Feng Tai District, Beijing, 10069, China. lihongjun00113@126.com.
Abstract
PURPOSE: It is generally believed that HIV infection could cause HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) across a broad range of functional domains. Some of the most common findings are deficits in motor control. However, to date no neuroimaging studies have evaluated basic motor control in HIV-infected patients using a multimodal approach. METHODS: In this study, we utilized high-resolution structural imaging and task-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to assess brain structure and motor function in a homogeneous cohort of HIV-infected patients. RESULTS: We found that HIV-infected patients had significantly reduced gray matter (GM) volume in cortical regions, which are involved in motor control, including the bilateral posterior insula cortex, premotor cortex, and supramarginal gyrus. Increased activation in bilateral posterior insula cortices was also demonstrated by patients during hand movement tasks compared with healthy controls. More importantly, the reduced GM in bilateral posterior insula cortices was spatially coincident with abnormal brain activation in HIV-infected patients. In addition, the results of partial correlation analysis indicated that GM reduction in bilateral posterior insula cortices and premotor cortices was significantly correlated with immune system deterioration. CONCLUSION: This study is the first to demonstrate spatially coincident GM reduction and abnormal activation during motor performance in HIV-infected patients. Although it remains unknown whether the brain deficits can be recovered, our findings may yield new insights into neurologic injury underlying motor dysfunction in HAND.
PURPOSE: It is generally believed that HIV infection could cause HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) across a broad range of functional domains. Some of the most common findings are deficits in motor control. However, to date no neuroimaging studies have evaluated basic motor control in HIV-infectedpatients using a multimodal approach. METHODS: In this study, we utilized high-resolution structural imaging and task-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to assess brain structure and motor function in a homogeneous cohort of HIV-infectedpatients. RESULTS: We found that HIV-infectedpatients had significantly reduced gray matter (GM) volume in cortical regions, which are involved in motor control, including the bilateral posterior insula cortex, premotor cortex, and supramarginal gyrus. Increased activation in bilateral posterior insula cortices was also demonstrated by patients during hand movement tasks compared with healthy controls. More importantly, the reduced GM in bilateral posterior insula cortices was spatially coincident with abnormal brain activation in HIV-infectedpatients. In addition, the results of partial correlation analysis indicated that GM reduction in bilateral posterior insula cortices and premotor cortices was significantly correlated with immune system deterioration. CONCLUSION: This study is the first to demonstrate spatially coincident GM reduction and abnormal activation during motor performance in HIV-infectedpatients. Although it remains unknown whether the brain deficits can be recovered, our findings may yield new insights into neurologic injury underlying motor dysfunction in HAND.
Entities:
Keywords:
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders; Hand movement task; Insula cortex; Motor deficit; Multimodal MRI imaging
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