The persistence and performance of phosphate-solubilizing Gluconacetobacter liquefaciens qzr14 in a cucumber soil.

The persistence and performance of plant growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPMs) in soil are considered critical features for effectiveness, yet they are poorly understood. Here, we investigated the colonization and activity of a new PGPM, phosphate-solubilizing Gluconacetobacter liquefaciens qzr14, in a pot culture experiment using cucumber as test crop for 20 days. The number of G. liquefaciens and bacterial diversity in the rhizosphere and bulk soil were monitored by real-time PCR and DGGE, respectively. Soil phosphorus and cucumber biomass were also examined. G. liquefaciens qzr14 effectively colonized the rhizosphere soil (bacterial density ranging from 2.70 × 108 to 1.18 × 109 copies per gram dry soil). G. liquefaciens qzr14 inoculation had significantly positive effects on bacterial diversity (BD) of the rhizosphere and bulk soil and the ratio of soluble phosphorus to total phosphorus (SP/TP). The number of G. liquefaciens in the rhizosphere soil was significantly related to SP/TP and the BD of the rhizosphere and bulk soil. BD in rhizosphere soil was significantly related to SP/TP and BD in bulk soil. Based on the results of correlation analysis, we inferred that the introduced G. liquefaciens qzr14 effectively colonized the rhizosphere of cucumber, and then expanded its bacterial community by solubilizing soil phosphorus. The expanded bacterial communities might promote cucumber growth by some new functions.