Cédric Gonneau1, Sanjay K Mohanty2, Lee H Dietterich1, Wei-Ting Hwang3, Jane K Willenbring2, Brenda B Casper1. 1. Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. 2. Department of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. 3. Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Elemental uptake in serpentine floras in eastern North America is largely unknown. The objective of this study was to determine major and trace element concentrations in soil and leaves of three native pseudo-metallophyte C4 grasses in situ at five sites with three very different soil types, including three serpentine sites, in eastern USA. METHODS: Pseudo-total and extractible concentrations of 15 elements were measured and correlated from the soils and leaves of three species at the five sites. RESULTS: Element concentrations in soils of pseudo-metallophytes varied up to five orders of magnitude. Soils from metalliferous sites exhibited higher concentrations of their characteristic elements than non-metalliferous. In metallicolous populations, elemental concentrations depended on the element. Concentrations of major elements (Ca, Mg, K) in leaves were lower than typical toxicity thresholds, whereas concentrations of Zn were higher. CONCLUSIONS: In grasses, species can maintain relatively low metal concentrations in their leaves even when soil concentrations are richer. However, in highly Zn-contaminated soil, we found evidence of a threshold concentration above which Zn uptake increases drastically. Finally, absence of main characteristics of serpentine soil at one site indicated the importance of soil survey and restoration to maintain serpentinophytes communities and avoid soil encroachment.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Elemental uptake in serpentine floras in eastern North America is largely unknown. The objective of this study was to determine major and trace element concentrations in soil and leaves of three native pseudo-metallophyte C4 grasses in situ at five sites with three very different soil types, including three serpentine sites, in eastern USA. METHODS: Pseudo-total and extractible concentrations of 15 elements were measured and correlated from the soils and leaves of three species at the five sites. RESULTS: Element concentrations in soils of pseudo-metallophytes varied up to five orders of magnitude. Soils from metalliferous sites exhibited higher concentrations of their characteristic elements than non-metalliferous. In metallicolous populations, elementalconcentrations depended on the element. Concentrations of major elements (Ca, Mg, K) in leaves were lower than typicaltoxicity thresholds, whereas concentrations of Zn were higher. CONCLUSIONS: In grasses, species can maintain relatively low metalconcentrations in their leaves even when soil concentrations are richer. However, in highly Zn-contaminated soil, we found evidence of a threshold concentration above which Zn uptake increases drastically. Finally, absence of main characteristics of serpentine soil at one site indicated the importance of soil survey and restoration to maintain serpentinophytes communities and avoid soil encroachment.
Authors: Maxime Pauwels; Pierre Saumitou-Laprade; Anne Catherine Holl; Daniel Petit; Isabelle Bonnin Journal: Mol Ecol Date: 2005-12 Impact factor: 6.185
Authors: Brett H Robinson; Simone Bischofberger; Andreas Stoll; Dirk Schroer; Gerhard Furrer; Stéphanie Roulier; Anna Gruenwald; Werner Attinger; Rainer Schulin Journal: Environ Pollut Date: 2007-10-18 Impact factor: 8.071
Authors: Cédric Gonneau; Kinsey Miller; Sanjay K Mohanty; Rengyi Xu; Wei-Ting Hwang; Jane K Willenbring; Brenda B Casper Journal: Environ Sci Pollut Res Int Date: 2017-09-22 Impact factor: 4.223