Setor K Kunutsor1, Tanjaniina Laukkanen2, Jari A Laukkanen3. 1. School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK. Electronic address: skk31@cantab.net. 2. Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland. 3. Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Central Finland Central Hospital, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Abstract
PURPOSE: We aimed to assess the prospective association of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) with the risk of pneumonia. METHODS: Cardiorespiratory fitness, as measured by maximal oxygen uptake, was assessed using a respiratory gas exchange analyzer in 2244 middle-aged men in the Kuopio Ischemic Heart Disease cohort. We corrected for within-person variability in CRF levels using data from repeat measurements taken several years apart. RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 25.8 years, 369 men received a hospital diagnosis of pneumonia. The age-adjusted regression dilution ratio of CRF was 0.58 (95% confidence interval: 0.53-0.63). Cardiorespiratory fitness was linearly associated with pneumonia risk. The hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) for pneumonia per 1 standard deviation increase in CRF in analysis adjusted for several risk factors for pneumonia was 0.77 (0.68-0.87). The association remained consistent on additional adjustment for total energy intake, socioeconomic status, physical activity, and C-reactive protein 0.82 (0.72-0.94). The corresponding adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) were 0.58 (0.41-0.80) and 0.67 (0.48-0.95) respectively, when comparing the extreme quartiles of CRF levels. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate a graded inverse and independent association between CRF and the future risk of pneumonia in a general male population.
PURPOSE: We aimed to assess the prospective association of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) with the risk of pneumonia. METHODS:Cardiorespiratory fitness, as measured by maximal oxygen uptake, was assessed using a respiratory gas exchange analyzer in 2244 middle-aged men in the Kuopio Ischemic Heart Disease cohort. We corrected for within-person variability in CRF levels using data from repeat measurements taken several years apart. RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 25.8 years, 369 men received a hospital diagnosis of pneumonia. The age-adjusted regression dilution ratio of CRF was 0.58 (95% confidence interval: 0.53-0.63). Cardiorespiratory fitness was linearly associated with pneumonia risk. The hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) for pneumonia per 1 standard deviation increase in CRF in analysis adjusted for several risk factors for pneumonia was 0.77 (0.68-0.87). The association remained consistent on additional adjustment for total energy intake, socioeconomic status, physical activity, and C-reactive protein 0.82 (0.72-0.94). The corresponding adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) were 0.58 (0.41-0.80) and 0.67 (0.48-0.95) respectively, when comparing the extreme quartiles of CRF levels. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate a graded inverse and independent association between CRF and the future risk of pneumonia in a general male population.
Authors: Bruno Halpern; Maria Laura da Costa Louzada; Pablo Aschner; Fernando Gerchman; Imperia Brajkovich; José Rocha Faria-Neto; Felix Escaño Polanco; Julio Montero; Silvia María Marín Juliá; Paulo Andrade Lotufo; Oscar H Franco Journal: Obes Rev Date: 2020-11-23 Impact factor: 10.867