Initial Experience With Lung Cancer Resection After Treatment With T-Cell Checkpoint Inhibitors.

T-cell checkpoint inhibitors targeting the programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) have recently been approved for the treatment of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but their safety and efficacy as neoadjuvant therapy are still undefined. Autoimmune toxicities, notably pneumonitis, are a particular concern in the perioperative setting. This series of 5 cases describes for the first time the safety and technical issues relating to pulmonary resection after checkpoint inhibitor therapy.