Rosalinda Calandrelli1, Marco Panfili2, Gabriella D'Apolito2, Giuseppe Zampino3, Alessandro Pedicelli2, Fabio Pilato4, Cesare Colosimo2. 1. Polo scienze delle immagini, di laboratorio ed infettivologiche, Area diagnostica per immagini, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168, Roma, Italia. rosalinda.calandrelli@policlinicogemelli.it. 2. Polo scienze delle immagini, di laboratorio ed infettivologiche, Area diagnostica per immagini, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168, Roma, Italia. 3. Polo scienze della salute della donna e del bambino, Area salute del bambino, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168, Roma, Italia. 4. Polo scienze dell'invecchiamento, neurologiche, ortopediche e della testa-collo, Area neuroscienze, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168, Roma, Italia.
Abstract
PURPOSE: We propose an magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based quantitative morphovolumetric approach to the posterior cranial fossa (PCF) and craniocervical junction (CCJ) changes in achondroplastic patients investigating possible associations with ventriculomegaly and medullary compression. METHODS: We analyzed MRI of 13 achondroplastic children not treated by surgery. 3D FSPGR T1-weighted images were used to analyze (1) PCF synchondroses; (2) PCF volume (PCFV), PCF brain volume (PCFBV), PCFV/PCFBV ratio, cerebellar volume, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) spaces volume, and IV ventricle volume; (3) PCF (clivus, supraocciput, exocciput lengths, tentorial angle) and CCJ (AP and LL diameters of foramen magnum (FM)) morphometry; (4) measurements of FM and jugular foramina (JF) areas; and (5) supratentorial ventricular volume. RESULTS: All patients showed synostosis of spheno-occipital synchondroses, eight showed synostosis of intra-occipital synchondroses, nine showed CCJ impingement on the cervical cord but only three had cervical myelopathy. Compared to controls, clivus and exocciput lengths, LL and AP diameters of FM, FM area and JF area were significantly reduced, supraocciput length, tentorial angle, PCFV, PCFBV, cerebellar volume, supratentorial ventricular system volume were significantly increased. A correlation was found between clivus length and supratentorial ventricular volume, premature closure of intra-occipital synchondroses and FM area while a trend was found between FM area and supraocciput length. CONCLUSION: Our analysis demonstrates a relationship between the shortening of the clivus and the ventriculomegaly. On the other hand the premature closure of PCF synchondroses, the shape, and the growth direction of supraocciput bone contribute to reduce the FM area, causing in some patients medullary compression.
PURPOSE: We propose an magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based quantitative morphovolumetric approach to the posterior cranial fossa (PCF) and craniocervical junction (CCJ) changes in achondroplasticpatients investigating possible associations with ventriculomegaly and medullary compression. METHODS: We analyzed MRI of 13 achondroplasticchildren not treated by surgery. 3D FSPGR T1-weighted images were used to analyze (1) PCF synchondroses; (2) PCF volume (PCFV), PCF brain volume (PCFBV), PCFV/PCFBV ratio, cerebellar volume, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) spaces volume, and IV ventricle volume; (3) PCF (clivus, supraocciput, exocciput lengths, tentorial angle) and CCJ (AP and LL diameters of foramen magnum (FM)) morphometry; (4) measurements of FM and jugular foramina (JF) areas; and (5) supratentorial ventricular volume. RESULTS: All patients showed synostosis of spheno-occipital synchondroses, eight showed synostosis of intra-occipital synchondroses, nine showed CCJ impingement on the cervical cord but only three had cervical myelopathy. Compared to controls, clivus and exocciput lengths, LL and AP diameters of FM, FM area and JF area were significantly reduced, supraocciput length, tentorial angle, PCFV, PCFBV, cerebellar volume, supratentorial ventricular system volume were significantly increased. A correlation was found between clivus length and supratentorial ventricular volume, premature closure of intra-occipital synchondroses and FM area while a trend was found between FM area and supraocciput length. CONCLUSION: Our analysis demonstrates a relationship between the shortening of the clivus and the ventriculomegaly. On the other hand the premature closure of PCF synchondroses, the shape, and the growth direction of supraocciput bone contribute to reduce the FM area, causing in some patients medullary compression.
Authors: Raymond F Sekula; Peter J Jannetta; Kenneth F Casey; Edward M Marchan; L Kathleen Sekula; Christine S McCrady Journal: Cerebrospinal Fluid Res Date: 2005-12-18
Authors: Niels Geerdink; Ton van der Vliet; Jan J Rotteveel; Ton Feuth; Nel Roeleveld; Reinier A Mullaart Journal: Childs Nerv Syst Date: 2012-05-05 Impact factor: 1.475
Authors: Ravi Savarirayan; Penny Ireland; Melita Irving; Dominic Thompson; Inês Alves; Wagner A R Baratela; James Betts; Michael B Bober; Silvio Boero; Jenna Briddell; Jeffrey Campbell; Philippe M Campeau; Patricia Carl-Innig; Moira S Cheung; Martyn Cobourne; Valérie Cormier-Daire; Muriel Deladure-Molla; Mariana Del Pino; Heather Elphick; Virginia Fano; Brigitte Fauroux; Jonathan Gibbins; Mari L Groves; Lars Hagenäs; Therese Hannon; Julie Hoover-Fong; Morrys Kaisermann; Antonio Leiva-Gea; Juan Llerena; William Mackenzie; Kenneth Martin; Fabio Mazzoleni; Sharon McDonnell; Maria Costanza Meazzini; Josef Milerad; Klaus Mohnike; Geert R Mortier; Amaka Offiah; Keiichi Ozono; John A Phillips; Steven Powell; Yosha Prasad; Cathleen Raggio; Pablo Rosselli; Judith Rossiter; Angelo Selicorni; Marco Sessa; Mary Theroux; Matthew Thomas; Laura Trespedi; David Tunkel; Colin Wallis; Michael Wright; Natsuo Yasui; Svein Otto Fredwall Journal: Nat Rev Endocrinol Date: 2021-11-26 Impact factor: 47.564