[Watchful waiting as a therapeutic principle for diseases of the vitreoretinal interface].

Elective surgery of the vitreoretinal interface is currently the most common reason for vitrectomy in Germany. The evaluation and correct interpretation of spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) images is of great importance but the indications for vitrectomy in macular surgery should be based more on patient symptoms and not only the OCT findings. Watchful waiting is highlighted as an alternative therapeutic option in individual patients. This article addresses a number of aspects and discrepancies between findings and patients' level of suffering based on binocular symptoms. Postoperative retinal thickening and irregular surface of the macula after peeling operations may still allow excellent function and often require no therapeutic measures. The difficulties in differentiating between cystoid macular edema after cataract operations with simultaneous epiretinal gliosis and gliosis as the cause of macular edema are highlighted.