A Khan1, M Riaz1, Michael E Kelly2,3, W Khan1, R Waldron1, K Barry1,4, I Z Khan1. 1. Department of Surgery, Mayo University Hospital, Castlebar, Mayo, Ireland. 2. Department of Surgery, Mayo University Hospital, Castlebar, Mayo, Ireland. Kellym11@tcd.ie. 3. Discipline of Surgery, National University of Ireland Galway, Mayo University Hospital, Saolta University Hospital Group, Galway, Ireland. Kellym11@tcd.ie. 4. Discipline of Surgery, National University of Ireland Galway, Mayo University Hospital, Saolta University Hospital Group, Galway, Ireland.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: No optimal biomarker exists that accurately diagnoses appendicitis or predicts severity, estimates post-operative complications or total length of hospital stay (LOS). AIM: To prospectively validate the utility of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (NLR) ratio in predicting the severity of appendicitis, LOS, and 30-day complication rates. METHODS: Patients who were admitted with a provisional diagnosis of acute appendicitis over a period of 18 months (Oct 2014-April 2016) were included. Patient demographics and blood results were prospectively collected. Details of imaging, operative intervention, severity of appendicitis, length of stay, and 30-days post admission complications were recorded. Recommended cut-off values of NLR and C-reactive protein for severity of appendicitis were determined using receiver operating characteristic analysis (ROC). These cut-off values were compared with C-reactive protein levels. Mann-Whitney test was performed to assess the correlations between LOS and 30-day complications to NLR. RESULTS: Four hundred fifty-three patients were included in the study; 55.2% (n = 245) were female with mean patient age of 23 years. Two-thirds (n = 281, 62.03%) underwent operative management. Histologically, appendicitis was confirmed in 214 (76%) patients. A NLR of >6.36 or CRP of >28 were statistically associated with complicated acute appendicitis, with a median of one extra hospital day (p < 0.0001). Mean NLR was statistically higher in patients with post-operative complications (14.42 vs. 7.29 for simple appendicitis group, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: This confirms previous reports that NLR is a simple, readily available adjunct in predicting severity of appendicitis. Additionally, it can aid delineating severe appendicitis that should proceed to surgery without substantial delay.
BACKGROUND: No optimal biomarker exists that accurately diagnoses appendicitis or predicts severity, estimates post-operative complications or total length of hospital stay (LOS). AIM: To prospectively validate the utility of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (NLR) ratio in predicting the severity of appendicitis, LOS, and 30-day complication rates. METHODS:Patients who were admitted with a provisional diagnosis of acute appendicitis over a period of 18 months (Oct 2014-April 2016) were included. Patient demographics and blood results were prospectively collected. Details of imaging, operative intervention, severity of appendicitis, length of stay, and 30-days post admission complications were recorded. Recommended cut-off values of NLR and C-reactive protein for severity of appendicitis were determined using receiver operating characteristic analysis (ROC). These cut-off values were compared with C-reactive protein levels. Mann-Whitney test was performed to assess the correlations between LOS and 30-day complications to NLR. RESULTS: Four hundred fifty-three patients were included in the study; 55.2% (n = 245) were female with mean patient age of 23 years. Two-thirds (n = 281, 62.03%) underwent operative management. Histologically, appendicitis was confirmed in 214 (76%) patients. A NLR of >6.36 or CRP of >28 were statistically associated with complicated acute appendicitis, with a median of one extra hospital day (p < 0.0001). Mean NLR was statistically higher in patients with post-operative complications (14.42 vs. 7.29 for simple appendicitis group, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: This confirms previous reports that NLR is a simple, readily available adjunct in predicting severity of appendicitis. Additionally, it can aid delineating severe appendicitis that should proceed to surgery without substantial delay.
Authors: Shiva A Seetahal; Oluwaseyi B Bolorunduro; Trishanna C Sookdeo; Tolulope A Oyetunji; Wendy R Greene; Wayne Frederick; Edward E Cornwell; David C Chang; Suryanarayana M Siram Journal: Am J Surg Date: 2011-04 Impact factor: 2.565
Authors: David A Talan; Darin J Saltzman; William R Mower; Anusha Krishnadasan; Cecilia M Jude; Ricky Amii; Daniel A DeUgarte; James X Wu; Kavitha Pathmarajah; Ashkan Morim; Gregory J Moran Journal: Ann Emerg Med Date: 2016-12-11 Impact factor: 5.721