Joanna M Streck1, Susan Regan2, Yuchiao Chang3, Jennifer H K Kelley4, Daniel E Singer5, Nancy A Rigotti6. 1. Department of Psychological Science, Vermont Center on Behavior and Health, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA. Electronic address: jstreck@uvm.edu. 2. Tobacco Research and Treatment Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. 3. Tobacco Research and Treatment Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. 4. Tobacco Research and Treatment Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Mongan Institute for Health Policy, Massachusetts General Hospital and Partners HealthCare, Boston, MA, USA. 5. Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. 6. Tobacco Research and Treatment Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Mongan Institute for Health Policy, Massachusetts General Hospital and Partners HealthCare, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:Individuals with substance use disorders (SUD) smoke at higher rates and have higher tobacco-related mortality than the general population. Despite having an interest in smoking cessation, smokers with SUDs may have greater difficulty quitting. METHODS: Analysis of data from a RCT testing a post-discharge smoking cessation intervention for hospitalized cigarette smokers interested in quitting. Past 7day tobacco abstinence was self-reported at 1, 3, and 6 months and biochemically confirmed at 6 months post-discharge. Other drug use was assessed at baseline by self-report or a past-year discharge diagnosis of SUD. Multiple logistic regression compared tobacco cessation outcomes among participants with no recreational drug use (NDU; n=942) vs. marijuana only (MU; n=284) vs. other illicit drugs (IDU; n=131). RESULTS: Groups differed at baseline on age, gender, race, education, other household smokers, alcohol use, and anxiety/depression (all p<0.05). Confirmed 6-month tobacco abstinence was lower among IDU than NDU participants (9% vs 18%, p=0.01; AOR=0.43, CI: 0.22-0.84) after adjustment for study arm, smoking characteristics, demographics, quality of life, alcohol use and MU. Confirmed 6-month abstinence did not differ significantly between MU vs. NDU participants (14% vs 18%, p>0.05; AOR=0.77, CI:0.51-1.14). Counseling and medication use did not differ significantly among groups at any follow-up. CONCLUSIONS:Hospitalized smokers who planned to stop smoking after discharge and used cessation assistance were less successful if they had used illicit drugs in the past year, but not if they had only used marijuana. More intensive or tailored interventions may be required to address smoking in this population.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: Individuals with substance use disorders (SUD) smoke at higher rates and have higher tobacco-related mortality than the general population. Despite having an interest in smoking cessation, smokers with SUDs may have greater difficulty quitting. METHODS: Analysis of data from a RCT testing a post-discharge smoking cessation intervention for hospitalized cigarette smokers interested in quitting. Past 7day tobacco abstinence was self-reported at 1, 3, and 6 months and biochemically confirmed at 6 months post-discharge. Other drug use was assessed at baseline by self-report or a past-year discharge diagnosis of SUD. Multiple logistic regression compared tobacco cessation outcomes among participants with no recreational drug use (NDU; n=942) vs. marijuana only (MU; n=284) vs. other illicit drugs (IDU; n=131). RESULTS: Groups differed at baseline on age, gender, race, education, other household smokers, alcohol use, and anxiety/depression (all p<0.05). Confirmed 6-month tobacco abstinence was lower among IDU than NDU participants (9% vs 18%, p=0.01; AOR=0.43, CI: 0.22-0.84) after adjustment for study arm, smoking characteristics, demographics, quality of life, alcohol use and MU. Confirmed 6-month abstinence did not differ significantly between MU vs. NDU participants (14% vs 18%, p>0.05; AOR=0.77, CI:0.51-1.14). Counseling and medication use did not differ significantly among groups at any follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Hospitalized smokers who planned to stop smoking after discharge and used cessation assistance were less successful if they had used illicit drugs in the past year, but not if they had only used marijuana. More intensive or tailored interventions may be required to address smoking in this population.
Authors: R D Hurt; K M Eberman; I T Croghan; K P Offord; L J Davis; R M Morse; M A Palmen; B K Bruce Journal: Alcohol Clin Exp Res Date: 1994-08 Impact factor: 3.455
Authors: John R Hughes; Josue P Keely; Ray S Niaura; Deborah J Ossip-Klein; Robyn L Richmond; Gary E Swan Journal: Nicotine Tob Res Date: 2003-02 Impact factor: 4.244