Guusje Collin1, Lianne H Scholtens2, René S Kahn2, Manon H J Hillegers3, Martijn P van den Heuvel2. 1. Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands. Electronic address: g.collin@umcutrecht.nl. 2. Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands. 3. Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center-Sophia Kinderziekenhuis, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Emerging evidence suggests disruptions in the wiring organization of the brain's network in schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD). As the importance of genetic predisposition has been firmly established in these illnesses, children (offspring) of patients constitute an at-risk population. This study examines connectome organization in children at familial high risk for psychosis. METHODS: Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging scans were collected from 127 nonpsychotic offspring 8 to 18 years of age (average age = 13.5 years) of a parent diagnosed with SZ (SZ offspring; n = 28) or BD (BD offspring; N = 60) and community control subjects (n = 39). Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans were available for 82 subjects. Anatomical and functional brain networks were reconstructed and examined using graph theoretical analysis. RESULTS: SZ offspring were found to show connectivity deficits of the brain's central rich club (RC) system relative to both control subjects and BD offspring. The disruption in anatomical RC connectivity in SZ offspring was associated with increased modularity of the functional connectome. In addition, increased coupling between structural and functional connectivity of long-distance connections was observed in both SZ offspring and BD offspring. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows lower levels of anatomical RC connectivity in nonpsychotic young offspring of SZ patients. This finding suggests that the brain's anatomical RC system is affected in at-risk youths, reflecting a connectome signature of familial risk for psychotic illness. Moreover, finding no RC deficits in offspring of BD patients suggest a differential effect of genetic predisposition for SZ versus BD on the developmental formation of the connectome.
BACKGROUND: Emerging evidence suggests disruptions in the wiring organization of the brain's network in schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD). As the importance of genetic predisposition has been firmly established in these illnesses, children (offspring) of patients constitute an at-risk population. This study examines connectome organization in children at familial high risk for psychosis. METHODS: Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging scans were collected from 127 nonpsychotic offspring 8 to 18 years of age (average age = 13.5 years) of a parent diagnosed with SZ (SZ offspring; n = 28) or BD (BD offspring; N = 60) and community control subjects (n = 39). Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans were available for 82 subjects. Anatomical and functional brain networks were reconstructed and examined using graph theoretical analysis. RESULTS: SZ offspring were found to show connectivity deficits of the brain's central rich club (RC) system relative to both control subjects and BD offspring. The disruption in anatomical RC connectivity in SZ offspring was associated with increased modularity of the functional connectome. In addition, increased coupling between structural and functional connectivity of long-distance connections was observed in both SZ offspring and BD offspring. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows lower levels of anatomical RC connectivity in nonpsychotic young offspring of SZ patients. This finding suggests that the brain's anatomical RC system is affected in at-risk youths, reflecting a connectome signature of familial risk for psychotic illness. Moreover, finding no RC deficits in offspring of BD patients suggest a differential effect of genetic predisposition for SZ versus BD on the developmental formation of the connectome.
Authors: Long-Biao Cui; Yongbin Wei; Yi-Bin Xi; Alessandra Griffa; Siemon C De Lange; René S Kahn; Hong Yin; Martijn P Van den Heuvel Journal: Schizophr Bull Date: 2019-10-24 Impact factor: 9.306
Authors: Sheeba Arnold Anteraper; Guusje Collin; Xavier Guell; Timothy Scheinert; Elena Molokotos; Maria Toft Henriksen; Raquelle Mesholam-Gately; Heidi W Thermenos; Larry J Seidman; Matcheri S Keshavan; John D E Gabrieli; Susan Whitfield-Gabrieli Journal: Schizophr Res Date: 2019-12-02 Impact factor: 4.939
Authors: Graham L Baum; David R Roalf; Philip A Cook; Rastko Ciric; Adon F G Rosen; Cedric Xia; Mark A Elliott; Kosha Ruparel; Ragini Verma; Birkan Tunç; Ruben C Gur; Raquel E Gur; Danielle S Bassett; Theodore D Satterthwaite Journal: Neuroimage Date: 2018-02-24 Impact factor: 6.556
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Authors: Javier Gomez-Pilar; Rodrigo de Luis-García; Alba Lubeiro; Henar de la Red; Jesús Poza; Pablo Núñez; Roberto Hornero; Vicente Molina Journal: Hum Brain Mapp Date: 2018-04-02 Impact factor: 5.038