Evidence for alpha-1 adrenergic receptor regulation of atriopeptin release from the isolated rat heart.

Atrial myocardium is the source of a recently described peptide hormone termed atriopeptin. Atriopeptin is thought to have a role in the regulation of systemic arterial pressure, fluid balance and plasma electrolyte homeostasis. Isolated rat hearts release atriopeptin into the coronary effluent, and we have found that this release is stimulated by the administration of norepinephrine, a compound with alpha and beta adrenergic properties. Infusion of the pure beta-receptor agonist, isoproterenol, failed to stimulate the release; however, the alpha-1 receptor agonist phenylephrine induced the release in a dose-dependent manner. The stimulation of atriopeptin release by norepinephrine and phenylephrine was inhibited by alpha-blockade with phentolamine. Administration of BHT-920, a selective alpha-2 agonist, had no effect on atriopeptin release. We conclude that atriopeptin secretion by the atrial myocyte is stimulated by activation of the alpha-1 adrenergic receptor. This finding suggests an involvement of the sympathetic nervous system in the physiologic regulation of the secretion of this hormone.