Miia Ruuskanen1, Reidar Grenman1, Ilmo Leivo2, Tero Vahlberg3, Antti Mäkitie4, Kauko Saarilahti5, Tuija Wigren6, Merja Korpela7, Leena Voutilainen8, Petri Koivunen9, Heikki Irjala1, Heikki Minn10. 1. a Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery , Turku University Hospital and University of Turku , Turku , Finland. 2. b Department of Pathology , University of Turku and Turku University Hospital , Turku , Finland. 3. c Department of Biostatistics , Turku University Hospital and University of Turku , Turku , Finland. 4. d Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery , Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland. 5. e Department of Oncology , Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland. 6. f Department of Oncology , Tampere University Hospital and University of Tampere , Tampere , Finland. 7. g Department of Oncology , Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu , Oulu , Finland. 8. h Department of Oncology , Kuopio University Hospital and University of Kuopio , Kuopio , Finland. 9. i Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery , Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu , Oulu , Finland. 10. j Department of Oncology , Turku University Hospital and University of Turku , Turku , Finland.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is uncommon in western countries and data on the outcome and histological presentation are scarce in nonendemic areas. We report here the outcome on all patients with NPC treated in Finland between 1990 and 2009. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The Finnish Cancer Registry database was used to identify the patients. Histopathological specimens and clinical records were reviewed to confirm the histological subtypes, prognostic factors, treatment techniques and outcome across different stage groups. RESULTS: Primary NPC was identified in 207 patients and 42 (20%) had keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The stage distribution was: I, 11%; II, 25%; III, 39%; IV, 25%. Of 191 patients treated with curative intent 85 (44%) received radiotherapy and 106 (56%) chemoradiotherapy. The five-year overall survival for all patients was 57% and for stages I-IV 87%, 69%, 55% and 31%, respectively. The five-year disease-specific and overall survival of all patients treated between 1990 and 1999 were 58% and 49%, and those between 2000 and 2009 66% and 63%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: While survival rates are improving and comparable to other western countries they remain inferior to those of endemic countries. This may reflect the different biology of NPC in nonendemic areas, where keratinizing SCC is common.
BACKGROUND:Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is uncommon in western countries and data on the outcome and histological presentation are scarce in nonendemic areas. We report here the outcome on all patients with NPC treated in Finland between 1990 and 2009. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The Finnish Cancer Registry database was used to identify the patients. Histopathological specimens and clinical records were reviewed to confirm the histological subtypes, prognostic factors, treatment techniques and outcome across different stage groups. RESULTS: Primary NPC was identified in 207 patients and 42 (20%) had keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The stage distribution was: I, 11%; II, 25%; III, 39%; IV, 25%. Of 191 patients treated with curative intent 85 (44%) received radiotherapy and 106 (56%) chemoradiotherapy. The five-year overall survival for all patients was 57% and for stages I-IV 87%, 69%, 55% and 31%, respectively. The five-year disease-specific and overall survival of all patients treated between 1990 and 1999 were 58% and 49%, and those between 2000 and 2009 66% and 63%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: While survival rates are improving and comparable to other western countries they remain inferior to those of endemic countries. This may reflect the different biology of NPC in nonendemic areas, where keratinizing SCC is common.
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