Brian T Fisher1, Paula D Robinson2, Thomas Lehrnbecher3, William J Steinbach4, Theoklis E Zaoutis1, Bob Phillips5,6, Lillian Sung7. 1. Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 2. Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario, Toronto, Canada. 3. Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany. 4. Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina. 5. Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, NHS Trust. 6. Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, United Kingdom. 7. Division of Haematology/Oncology, Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Although a number of risk factors have been associated with invasive fungal disease (IFD), a systematic review of the literature to document pediatric-specific factors has not been performed. METHODS: We used the Ovid SP platform to search Medline, Medline In-Process, and Embase for studies that identified risk factors for IFD in children with cancer or those who undergo hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). We included studies if they consisted of children or adolescents (<25 years) who were receiving treatment for cancer or undergoing HSCT and if the study evaluated risk factors among patients with and those without IFD. RESULTS: Among the 3566 studies screened, 22 studies were included. A number of pediatric factors commonly associated with an increased risk for IFD were confirmed, including prolonged neutropenia, high-dose steroid exposure, intensive-timing chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia, and acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease. Increasing age, a factor not commonly associated with IFD risk, was identified as a risk factor in multiple published cohorts. CONCLUSIONS: With this systematic review, we have confirmed IFD risk factors that are considered routinely in daily clinical practice. Increasing age should also be considered when assessing patient risk for IFD. Future efforts should focus on defining more precise thresholds for a particular risk factor (ie, age, neutropenia duration) and on development of prediction rules inclusive of individual factors to further refine the risk prediction.
BACKGROUND: Although a number of risk factors have been associated with invasive fungal disease (IFD), a systematic review of the literature to document pediatric-specific factors has not been performed. METHODS: We used the Ovid SP platform to search Medline, Medline In-Process, and Embase for studies that identified risk factors for IFD in children with cancer or those who undergo hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). We included studies if they consisted of children or adolescents (<25 years) who were receiving treatment for cancer or undergoing HSCT and if the study evaluated risk factors among patients with and those without IFD. RESULTS: Among the 3566 studies screened, 22 studies were included. A number of pediatric factors commonly associated with an increased risk for IFD were confirmed, including prolonged neutropenia, high-dose steroid exposure, intensive-timing chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia, and acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease. Increasing age, a factor not commonly associated with IFD risk, was identified as a risk factor in multiple published cohorts. CONCLUSIONS: With this systematic review, we have confirmed IFD risk factors that are considered routinely in daily clinical practice. Increasing age should also be considered when assessing patient risk for IFD. Future efforts should focus on defining more precise thresholds for a particular risk factor (ie, age, neutropenia duration) and on development of prediction rules inclusive of individual factors to further refine the risk prediction.
Authors: Thomas Lehrnbecher; Stefan Schöning; Fiona Poyer; Jamina Georg; Andreas Becker; Kathrin Gordon; Andishe Attarbaschi; Andreas H Groll Journal: Front Microbiol Date: 2019-04-16 Impact factor: 5.640
Authors: Antonio C Arrieta; Michael Neely; J Christopher Day; Susan R Rheingold; Paul K Sue; William J Muller; Lara A Danziger-Isakov; Julie Chu; Inci Yildirim; Grace A McComsey; Haydar A Frangoul; Tempe K Chen; Victoria A Statler; William J Steinbach; Dwight E Yin; Kamal Hamed; Mark E Jones; Christopher Lademacher; Amit Desai; Kelley Micklus; Desiree Leiva Phillips; Laura L Kovanda; Thomas J Walsh Journal: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Date: 2021-07-16 Impact factor: 5.191