Esther Babirekere-Iriso1, Lotte Lauritzen2, Charlotte Gylling Mortensen3, Maren Johanne Heilskov Rytter4, Ezekiel Mupere5, Hanifa Namusoke6, Kim F Michaelsen7, André Briend8, Ken D Stark9, Adam H Metherel10, Henrik Friis11. 1. Mwanamugimu Nutrition Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda; Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Science, Copenhagen, Denmark. Electronic address: ebabirekere@yahoo.com. 2. Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Science, Copenhagen, Denmark. Electronic address: ll@nexs.ku.dk. 3. Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Science, Copenhagen, Denmark. Electronic address: charlotte.gylling@gmail.com. 4. Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Science, Copenhagen, Denmark. Electronic address: marenrytter@hotmail.com. 5. Makerere College of Health Sciences, Department of Paediatrics, Kampala, Uganda. Electronic address: mupez@yahoo.com. 6. Mwanamugimu Nutrition Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda. Electronic address: n6471277@gmail.com. 7. Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Science, Copenhagen, Denmark. Electronic address: kfm@nexs.ku.dk. 8. Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Science, Copenhagen, Denmark. Electronic address: andre.briend@gmail.com. 9. Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Canada. Electronic address: kstark@uwaterloo.ca. 10. Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Canada. Electronic address: adammetherel@hotmail.com. 11. Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Science, Copenhagen, Denmark. Electronic address: hfr@nexs.ku.dk.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is a common condition in children living in low-income countries and may be associated with reduced polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) blood levels. The purpose of this study was to describe whole blood fatty acid composition and correlates of PUFA in children admitted with SAM. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study among children admitted with SAM at Mulago National Referral Hospital and healthy controls. Whole blood fatty acid composition was measured and correlated with clinical data such as oedema, levels of haemoglobin, C-reactive protein and HIV-infection status. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to identify correlates of PUFA. RESULTS: The relative contribution of saturated fatty acid to the fatty acids in whole blood (FA%) were lower in 108 children with SAM compared to 24 well-nourished controls whereas most monounsaturated fatty acids were higher in children with SAM. Total and all n-6 PUFA including linoleic (18:2n-6, LA) and arachidonic acid (20:4n-6, AA), as well as total n-3 PUFA and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3, DHA) were lower in children with SAM. The n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio was also lower in the children with SAM. Haemoglobin was a positive correlate of AA, n-3 docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n-3, n-3 DPA), DHA, total n-6 long chain (LC) PUFA and total n-3 LCPUFA. HIV infected children had 0.87 (0.47; 1.58) %-points less n-6 LCPUFA and 0.61 (0.03; 1.19) %-points less AA than the un-infected children. CONCLUSION: Children with SAM presented with lower FA% of LCPUFA. HIV infection and low haemoglobin were also associated with lower FA% of LCPUFA, which may be related to lower numbers of blood cells. Nutrition rehabilitation interventions need to pay more attention to the intake of PUFA.
BACKGROUND: Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is a common condition in children living in low-income countries and may be associated with reduced polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) blood levels. The purpose of this study was to describe whole blood fatty acid composition and correlates of PUFA in children admitted with SAM. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study among children admitted with SAM at Mulago National Referral Hospital and healthy controls. Whole blood fatty acid composition was measured and correlated with clinical data such as oedema, levels of haemoglobin, C-reactive protein and HIV-infection status. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to identify correlates of PUFA. RESULTS: The relative contribution of saturated fatty acid to the fatty acids in whole blood (FA%) were lower in 108 children with SAM compared to 24 well-nourished controls whereas most monounsaturated fatty acids were higher in children with SAM. Total and all n-6 PUFA including linoleic (18:2n-6, LA) and arachidonic acid (20:4n-6, AA), as well as total n-3 PUFA and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3, DHA) were lower in children with SAM. The n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio was also lower in the children with SAM. Haemoglobin was a positive correlate of AA, n-3 docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n-3, n-3 DPA), DHA, total n-6 long chain (LC) PUFA and total n-3 LCPUFA. HIV infectedchildren had 0.87 (0.47; 1.58) %-points less n-6 LCPUFA and 0.61 (0.03; 1.19) %-points less AA than the un-infected children. CONCLUSION:Children with SAM presented with lower FA% of LCPUFA. HIV infection and low haemoglobin were also associated with lower FA% of LCPUFA, which may be related to lower numbers of blood cells. Nutrition rehabilitation interventions need to pay more attention to the intake of PUFA.
Authors: Guochun Jiang; Don Nguyen; Nancie M Archin; Steven A Yukl; Gema Méndez-Lagares; Yuyang Tang; Maher M Elsheikh; George R Thompson; Dennis J Hartigan-O'Connor; David M Margolis; Joseph K Wong; Satya Dandekar Journal: J Clin Invest Date: 2018-02-19 Impact factor: 14.808
Authors: K M Shahunja; Daniel C Sévin; Lindsay Kendall; Tahmeed Ahmed; Md Iqbal Hossain; Mustafa Mahfuz; Xinyi Zhu; Krishan Singh; Sunita Singh; Jonathan M Crowther; Rachel A Gibson; Gary L Darmstadt Journal: Nutr J Date: 2021-06-06 Impact factor: 3.271