Bruce D Naliboff1, Alisa J Stephens2, H Henry Lai3, James W Griffith4, J Quentin Clemens5, Susan Lutgendorf6, Larissa V Rodriguez7, Craig Newcomb2, Siobhan Sutcliffe8, Wensheng Guo2, John W Kusek9, J Richard Landis2. 1. Departments of Medicine and Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California. Electronic address: naliboff@ucla.edu. 2. Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 3. Division of Urologic Surgery, Department of Surgery and Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri. 4. Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois. 5. Department of Urology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan. 6. Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences and Urology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa. 7. Departments of Urology and Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California. 8. Division of Public Health Sciences and Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri. 9. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
Abstract
PURPOSE: We examined baseline clinical and psychosocial characteristics that predict 12-month symptom change in men and women with urological chronic pelvic pain syndromes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 221 female and 176 male patients with urological chronic pelvic pain syndromes were recruited from 6 academic medical centers in the United States and evaluated at baseline with a comprehensive battery of symptom, psychosocial and illness-impact measures. Based on biweekly symptom reports, a functional clustering procedure classified participant outcome as worse, stable or improved on pain and urinary symptom severity. Cumulative logistic modeling was used to examine individual predictors associated with symptom change as well as multiple predictor combinations and interactions. RESULTS: About 60% of participants had stable symptoms with smaller numbers (13% to 22%) showing clear symptom worsening or improvement. For pain and urinary outcomes the extent of widespread pain, amount of nonurological symptoms and poorer overall health were predictive of worsening outcomes. Anxiety, depression and general mental health were not significant predictors of outcomes but pain catastrophizing and self-reported stress were associated with pain outcome. Prediction models did not differ between men and women and for the most part they were independent of symptom duration and age. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate for the first time in a large multisite prospective study that presence of widespread pain, nonurological symptoms and poorer general health are risk factors for poorer pain and urinary outcomes in men and women. The results point to the importance of broad based assessment for urological chronic pelvic pain syndromes and future studies of the mechanisms that underlie these findings.
PURPOSE: We examined baseline clinical and psychosocial characteristics that predict 12-month symptom change in men and women with urological chronic pelvic pain syndromes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 221 female and 176 male patients with urological chronic pelvic pain syndromes were recruited from 6 academic medical centers in the United States and evaluated at baseline with a comprehensive battery of symptom, psychosocial and illness-impact measures. Based on biweekly symptom reports, a functional clustering procedure classified participant outcome as worse, stable or improved on pain and urinary symptom severity. Cumulative logistic modeling was used to examine individual predictors associated with symptom change as well as multiple predictor combinations and interactions. RESULTS: About 60% of participants had stable symptoms with smaller numbers (13% to 22%) showing clear symptom worsening or improvement. For pain and urinary outcomes the extent of widespread pain, amount of nonurological symptoms and poorer overall health were predictive of worsening outcomes. Anxiety, depression and general mental health were not significant predictors of outcomes but pain catastrophizing and self-reported stress were associated with pain outcome. Prediction models did not differ between men and women and for the most part they were independent of symptom duration and age. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate for the first time in a large multisite prospective study that presence of widespread pain, nonurological symptoms and poorer general health are risk factors for poorer pain and urinary outcomes in men and women. The results point to the importance of broad based assessment for urological chronic pelvic pain syndromes and future studies of the mechanisms that underlie these findings.
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