Natalie E Allen1, Jooeun Song2, Serene S Paul3, Stuart Smith4, Jonathan O'Duffy5, Matthew Schmidt6, Rachelle Love7, Catherine Sherrington8, Colleen G Canning7. 1. The University of Sydney, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sydney, Australia. Electronic address: natalie.allen@sydney.edu.au. 2. The University of Sydney, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sydney, Australia; University of Technology Sydney, Graduate School of Health, Sydney, Australia. 3. The University of Sydney, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sydney, Australia; The University of Sydney, Musculoskeletal Division, The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney Medical School, Sydney, Australia. 4. Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, Australia; University of Tasmania, School of Health Sciences, Hobart, Australia. 5. Temper Tantrum, Hobart, Australia. 6. University of Tasmania, School of Health Sciences, Hobart, Australia. 7. The University of Sydney, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sydney, Australia. 8. The University of Sydney, Musculoskeletal Division, The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney Medical School, Sydney, Australia.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION:People with Parkinson's disease (PD) have difficulty performing upper extremity (UE) activities. The aim of this study was to investigate if exergames targeting the UE improve arm and hand activities and impairments and to establish the acceptability and feasibility of these games in people with PD. METHODS: Two tablet-based exergames were developed which were controlled with finger movements or unimanual whole arm movements. Participants with PD were randomized to an exergame (n = 19) or control (n = 19) group. The exergame group performed UE exergames at home, 3 times per week for 12 weeks. The primary outcome measure was the nine hole peg test. Secondary outcomes included measures of UE activities and impairments, including the tapping test [speed (taps/60s), and error (weighted error score/speed)]. RESULTS: There were no between group differences in the nine hole peg test, or in any secondary outcome measures except for the tapping test. Horizontal tapping test results showed that exergame participants improved their speed (mean difference = 10.9 taps/60s, p < 0.001) but increased error (mean difference = 0.03, p = 0.03) compared to the control group. Participants enjoyed the games and improved in their ability to play the games. There were no adverse events. CONCLUSION: The UE exergames were acceptable and safe, but did not translate to improvement in functional activities. It is likely that the requirement of the games resulted in increased movement speed at the detriment of accuracy. The design of exergames should consider task specificity.
RCT Entities:
INTRODUCTION:People with Parkinson's disease (PD) have difficulty performing upper extremity (UE) activities. The aim of this study was to investigate if exergames targeting the UE improve arm and hand activities and impairments and to establish the acceptability and feasibility of these games in people with PD. METHODS: Two tablet-based exergames were developed which were controlled with finger movements or unimanual whole arm movements. Participants with PD were randomized to an exergame (n = 19) or control (n = 19) group. The exergame group performed UE exergames at home, 3 times per week for 12 weeks. The primary outcome measure was the nine hole peg test. Secondary outcomes included measures of UE activities and impairments, including the tapping test [speed (taps/60s), and error (weighted error score/speed)]. RESULTS: There were no between group differences in the nine hole peg test, or in any secondary outcome measures except for the tapping test. Horizontal tapping test results showed that exergame participants improved their speed (mean difference = 10.9 taps/60s, p < 0.001) but increased error (mean difference = 0.03, p = 0.03) compared to the control group. Participants enjoyed the games and improved in their ability to play the games. There were no adverse events. CONCLUSION: The UE exergames were acceptable and safe, but did not translate to improvement in functional activities. It is likely that the requirement of the games resulted in increased movement speed at the detriment of accuracy. The design of exergames should consider task specificity.
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