Reinforcing nanomedicine using graphene family nanomaterials.

Graphene is an allotrope of carbon which consists of single layered sp2 hybridized carbon arranged in honey comb lattice. The fascinating properties such as ultrahigh surface area, high electrical and thermal conductivity and optical property made graphene a major point of research interest. Apart from their application in the field such as nanoelectronics, energy storage, engineering of nanocomposite materials, transistors, sensors, diodes, catalysis; they are also investigated in the field of nanomedicine. This review mainly focus on the applications of graphene in nanomedicine including drug delivery, cancer therapy, cellular imaging, gene therapy, photodynamic and photothermal therapy, antimicrobial activity, biosensing and tissue engineering, along with a short description of their unique physicochemical, biological properties and safety profile.