OBJECTIVES: Although individual-level socioeconomic status is associated with poor outcomes, less is known regarding how the social context might affect cognitive outcomes. We examined the effect of neighborhood socioeconomic status (NSES) on baseline cognitive function and trajectories of decline. METHODS: The sample (N = 480) came from a longitudinal cohort recruited to study cognitive function. Mixed effects models examined the influence of NSES on baseline and rate of change in executive function, semantic memory, and episodic memory. RESULTS: NSES was positively associated with semantic memory scores at baseline, but not with executive function or episodic memory in adjusted models, nor was it associated with cognitive change in longitudinal analyses. In exploratory analyses, for individuals with dementia, those with higher NSES declined faster in executive function and semantic memory than did those with lower NSES. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that NSES has limited effects independent of personal characteristics; however, findings showed a complex relation of NSES and decline, with NSES effects observed only for individuals with dementia. Results are discussed in the context of cognitive reserve. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Clinical assessments of individuals who present with cognitive impairment might benefit from an understanding of the neighborhood context from which patients come.
OBJECTIVES: Although individual-level socioeconomic status is associated with poor outcomes, less is known regarding how the social context might affect cognitive outcomes. We examined the effect of neighborhood socioeconomic status (NSES) on baseline cognitive function and trajectories of decline. METHODS: The sample (N = 480) came from a longitudinal cohort recruited to study cognitive function. Mixed effects models examined the influence of NSES on baseline and rate of change in executive function, semantic memory, and episodic memory. RESULTS: NSES was positively associated with semantic memory scores at baseline, but not with executive function or episodic memory in adjusted models, nor was it associated with cognitive change in longitudinal analyses. In exploratory analyses, for individuals with dementia, those with higher NSES declined faster in executive function and semantic memory than did those with lower NSES. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that NSES has limited effects independent of personal characteristics; however, findings showed a complex relation of NSES and decline, with NSES effects observed only for individuals with dementia. Results are discussed in the context of cognitive reserve. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Clinical assessments of individuals who present with cognitive impairment might benefit from an understanding of the neighborhood context from which patients come.
Entities:
Keywords:
Aging; cognitive decline; dementia; education; income
Authors: Richard G Wight; Carol S Aneshensel; Dana Miller-Martinez; Amanda L Botticello; Janet R Cummings; Arun S Karlamangla; Teresa E Seeman Journal: Am J Epidemiol Date: 2006-05-17 Impact factor: 4.897
Authors: R S Wilson; L L Barnes; N T Aggarwal; P A Boyle; L E Hebert; C F Mendes de Leon; D A Evans Journal: Neurology Date: 2010-09-01 Impact factor: 9.910
Authors: Regina A Shih; Bonnie Ghosh-Dastidar; Karen L Margolis; Mary E Slaughter; Adria Jewell; Chloe E Bird; Christine Eibner; Natalie L Denburg; Judith Ockene; Catherine R Messina; Mark A Espeland Journal: Am J Public Health Date: 2011-07-21 Impact factor: 9.308
Authors: Arun S Karlamangla; Dana Miller-Martinez; Carol S Aneshensel; Teresa E Seeman; Richard G Wight; Joshua Chodosh Journal: Am J Epidemiol Date: 2009-07-15 Impact factor: 4.897
Authors: Oanh L Meyer; Shannon M Sisco; Danielle Harvey; Laura B Zahodne; M Maria Glymour; Jennifer J Manly; Michael Marsiske Journal: Res Aging Date: 2016-08-03
Authors: Taylor M Mobley; Crystal Shaw; Eleanor Hayes-Larson; Joseph Fong; Paola Gilsanz; Gilbert C Gee; Ron Brookmeyer; Rachel A Whitmer; Joan A Casey; Elizabeth Rose Mayeda Journal: Alzheimers Dement Date: 2022-04-06 Impact factor: 16.655
Authors: Rachel L Peterson; Kristen M George; Duyen Tran; Pallavi Malladi; Paola Gilsanz; Amy J H Kind; Rachel A Whitmer; Lilah M Besser; Oanh L Meyer Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2021-07-04 Impact factor: 4.614
Authors: Jack F V Hunt; Nicholas M Vogt; Erin M Jonaitis; William R Buckingham; Rebecca L Koscik; Megan Zuelsdorff; Lindsay R Clark; Carey E Gleason; Menggang Yu; Ozioma Okonkwo; Sterling C Johnson; Sanjay Asthana; Barbara B Bendlin; Amy J H Kind Journal: Neurology Date: 2021-04-14 Impact factor: 11.800
Authors: Oanh L Meyer; Chloe W Eng; Michelle J Ko; Michelle L Chan; Uyen Ngo; Paola Gilsanz; M Maria Glymour; Elizabeth Rose Mayeda; Dan M Mungas; Rachel A Whitmer Journal: Int Psychogeriatr Date: 2020-12-23 Impact factor: 7.191
Authors: Lilah M Besser; Willa D Brenowitz; Oanh L Meyer; Serena Hoermann; John Renne Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2021-06-16 Impact factor: 3.390
Authors: Amy D Thierry; Kyler Sherman-Wilkins; Marina Armendariz; Allison Sullivan; Heather R Farmer Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2021-03-06 Impact factor: 3.390