Gal Tsaban1, Shalom Ben-Shimol2. 1. Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel; Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel. 2. Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel; Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel. Electronic address: shalomb2@clalit.org.il.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Pneumococcal diseases are major causes of morbidity among adults, especially those over 50years of age. While pneumococcal conjugated vaccines (PCV's) impact on pneumococcal disease rates among children is well established, the extent of its impact on adult pneumococcal related illness remains unclear. The aim of this systematic literature review was to describe the impact of PCV introduction to childhood national immunization programs worldwide on PCV-naive adult population. METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed using the PubMed database. The search was limited to articles written in English and published between January 2000 and February 2016. Studies evaluating pneumococcal disease rates in individuals over 5years of age were included. Independent extraction of articles was performed by the two authors. Search terms included: Pneumococcal conjugated vaccine, herd, indirect, adults, and pneumonia. RESULTS: Forty-nine articles meeting the selection criteria were identified, 39 regarding invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD, one on meningitis only), 8 regarding pneumonia, and 2 on both IPD and pneumonia. The majority of reports were from the US, UK and Canada. Considerable variability in the data sources, quality and completeness was observed. While most studies reported either statistically significant reduction or insignificant changes in IPD and pneumonia disease rates in adults following PCV nationwide implementation, few studies reported statistically significant increase in pneumococcal disease rates, these were mainly from countries with low PCV coverage rates and/or inadequate surveillance. CONCLUSION: Invasive pneumococcal diseases and pneumonia rates among the adult population decreased in most countries following PCV introduction into the NIP. This indirect effect on older population seems to be dependent on PCV coverage rates and time from PCV nationwide implementation. Adults >65years old seem to benefit the most from PCV introduction.
BACKGROUND:Pneumococcal diseases are major causes of morbidity among adults, especially those over 50years of age. While pneumococcal conjugated vaccines (PCV's) impact on pneumococcal disease rates among children is well established, the extent of its impact on adult pneumococcal related illness remains unclear. The aim of this systematic literature review was to describe the impact of PCV introduction to childhood national immunization programs worldwide on PCV-naive adult population. METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed using the PubMed database. The search was limited to articles written in English and published between January 2000 and February 2016. Studies evaluating pneumococcal disease rates in individuals over 5years of age were included. Independent extraction of articles was performed by the two authors. Search terms included: Pneumococcal conjugated vaccine, herd, indirect, adults, and pneumonia. RESULTS: Forty-nine articles meeting the selection criteria were identified, 39 regarding invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD, one on meningitis only), 8 regarding pneumonia, and 2 on both IPD and pneumonia. The majority of reports were from the US, UK and Canada. Considerable variability in the data sources, quality and completeness was observed. While most studies reported either statistically significant reduction or insignificant changes in IPD and pneumonia disease rates in adults following PCV nationwide implementation, few studies reported statistically significant increase in pneumococcal disease rates, these were mainly from countries with low PCV coverage rates and/or inadequate surveillance. CONCLUSION: Invasive pneumococcal diseases and pneumonia rates among the adult population decreased in most countries following PCV introduction into the NIP. This indirect effect on older population seems to be dependent on PCV coverage rates and time from PCV nationwide implementation. Adults >65years old seem to benefit the most from PCV introduction.
Authors: Sun Jin Kim; Yoo Jung Jeong; Jong Hun Kim; Young Kyung Yoon; Jang Wook Sohn; Moon Hee Nahm; Min Ja Kim Journal: J Clin Microbiol Date: 2019-09-24 Impact factor: 5.948
Authors: Godfrey M Bigogo; Allan Audi; Joshua Auko; George O Aol; Benjamin J Ochieng; Herine Odiembo; Arthur Odoyo; Marc-Alain Widdowson; Clayton Onyango; Martien W Borgdorff; Daniel R Feikin; Maria da Gloria Carvalho; Cynthia G Whitney; Jennifer R Verani Journal: Clin Infect Dis Date: 2019-11-27 Impact factor: 9.079
Authors: Paul S Schulz; Sarah E Moore; Daniel Smith; Jessica Javed; Ashley M Wilde Journal: Open Forum Infect Dis Date: 2022-03-16 Impact factor: 3.835
Authors: Amparo Escribano Montaner; Juan García de Lomas; José Ramón Villa Asensi; Oscar Asensio de la Cruz; Olga de la Serna Blázquez; Mikel Santiago Burruchaga; Pedro Mondéjar López; Alba Torrent Vernetta; Yang Feng; Melissa K Van Dyke; Janet Reyes; Pilar Garcia-Corbeira; Carla A Talarico Journal: Eur J Pediatr Date: 2017-12-29 Impact factor: 3.183
Authors: Jocelyn Chan; Cattram D Nguyen; Jana Y R Lai; Eileen M Dunne; Ross Andrews; Christopher C Blyth; Siddhartha Datta; Kim Fox; Rebecca Ford; Jason Hinds; Sophie La Vincente; Deborah Lehmann; Ruth Lim; Tuya Mungun; Paul N Newton; Rattanaphone Phetsouvanh; Willam S Pomat; Anonh Xeuatvongsa; Claire von Mollendorf; David A B Dance; Catherine Satzke; Kim Muholland; Fiona M Russell Journal: BMJ Open Date: 2018-05-18 Impact factor: 2.692