Mercury, arsenic, cadmium and lead in two commercial shark species (Sphyrna lewini and Caraharinus porosus) in Trinidad and Tobago.

Sharks are long-lived apex predators which can accumulate toxic metals such as mercury and arsenic. Samples of Sphyrna lewini and Carcharinus porosus were collected from two commercial fish landing sites in Trinidad. Heavy metal concentrations were determined in the muscle, dorsal fin, vertebrae and liver using atomic absorption spectrometric. The provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI) and target hazard quotient (THQ) were determined to assess the potential health risks to consumers. Mercury levels ranged between 74-1899μg/kg in S. lewini and 67-3268μg/kg in C. porosus. Arsenic levels ranged between 144-2309μg/kg in S. lewini and 762-6155μg/kg in C. porosus. Cadmium levels generally ranged between 0.27-27.29mg/kg in S. lewini and 0.6-29.89mg/kg in C. porosus. Lead levels generally ranged between 0.14 and 208.81mg/kg in S. lewini while C. porosus levels ranged between 0.30 and 459.94mg/kg. The PTWI and THQ values suggest that consumption of these shark species can therefore be a major source of exposure to lead, cadmium, arsenic and mercury in humans and is likely to have potential health risk over long term exposure.