Xiaoli Quan1,2, Daniel Yee Tak Fong1, Angela Yee Man Leung3, Qin Liao4, Ruth Ruscheweyh5, Pui Hing Chau1. 1. School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong. 2. The First People's Hospital of Huaihua and University of South China, Huaihua City, China. 3. School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong. 4. The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China. 5. Department of Neurology, University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM: The Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire (PSQ), a self-reported scale, has been used to assess the pain sensitivity level in a Caucasian population. However, a validated Mandarin Chinese version of the PSQ is not available. This study was aimed to translate the PSQ into Mandarin Chinese (PSQ-C) and validate it to measure pain sensitivity among Chinese people. METHODS: The English version of the PSQ has been translated into Mandarin Chinese (PSQ-C), according to the standard steps of cross-cultural adaptation of self-reported scales. Three of the 17 items were revised owing to cultural adaptation. The final version was validated on a population of 182 Chinese people in Changsha City, China, during October to December 2015. The participants underwent electrical experimental pain testing. The psychometric properties of the PSQ-C and its subscales were examined. RESULTS: The Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the PSQ-C-total, PSQ-C-moderate, and PSQ-C-minor were 0.90, 0.86, and 0.81, respectively. Acceptable test-retest reliability, content validity, and construct validity were demonstrated. Concurrent validity was shown via significant positive correlations between PSQ-C scores and perceived pain intensity at pain threshold and during pain stimulation with a fixed intensity. Convergent validity was shown via significant positive correlations between Pain Catastrophizing Scale scores and PSQ-C scores. Known group validity was demonstrated via higher PSQ-C-total and PSQ-C-moderate scores among those with high neuroticism scores. These results indicate that the PSQ-C has reasonably good psychometric properties, similar to the original English and German versions. CONCLUSION: The PSQ-C is a reliable and useful tool to assess pain sensitivity levels in a Chinese population.
BACKGROUND AND AIM: The Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire (PSQ), a self-reported scale, has been used to assess the pain sensitivity level in a Caucasian population. However, a validated Mandarin Chinese version of the PSQ is not available. This study was aimed to translate the PSQ into Mandarin Chinese (PSQ-C) and validate it to measure pain sensitivity among Chinese people. METHODS: The English version of the PSQ has been translated into Mandarin Chinese (PSQ-C), according to the standard steps of cross-cultural adaptation of self-reported scales. Three of the 17 items were revised owing to cultural adaptation. The final version was validated on a population of 182 Chinese people in Changsha City, China, during October to December 2015. The participants underwent electrical experimental pain testing. The psychometric properties of the PSQ-C and its subscales were examined. RESULTS: The Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the PSQ-C-total, PSQ-C-moderate, and PSQ-C-minor were 0.90, 0.86, and 0.81, respectively. Acceptable test-retest reliability, content validity, and construct validity were demonstrated. Concurrent validity was shown via significant positive correlations between PSQ-C scores and perceived pain intensity at pain threshold and during pain stimulation with a fixed intensity. Convergent validity was shown via significant positive correlations between Pain Catastrophizing Scale scores and PSQ-C scores. Known group validity was demonstrated via higher PSQ-C-total and PSQ-C-moderate scores among those with high neuroticism scores. These results indicate that the PSQ-C has reasonably good psychometric properties, similar to the original English and German versions. CONCLUSION: The PSQ-C is a reliable and useful tool to assess pain sensitivity levels in a Chinese population.
Authors: Erin N Ross; Tyler A Toledo; Felicitas Huber; Parker A Kell; Natalie Hellman; Joanna O Shadlow; Jamie L Rhudy Journal: J Behav Med Date: 2021-09-20
Authors: Tang Xiangsheng; Gong Long; Shi Yingying; An Xiao; Yi Ping; Tan Mingsheng Journal: BMC Pregnancy Childbirth Date: 2021-05-04 Impact factor: 3.007