Belle Yanyu Lin1, Karma Genden2, Wei Shen3, Po-Shu Wu4, Wen-Chien Yang5, Hui-Fang Hung6, Chun-Min Fu5, Kuen-Cheh Yang7. 1. Syosset High School, New York, United States. 2. Tibetan Primary Health Care Center, Choglamsar, Leh, Ladakh, India. 3. Obesity Research Center, Department of Medicine & The Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University, New York, United States. 4. Department of Family Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. 5. Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan. 6. Department of Community and Family Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan. 7. Department of Family Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Bei-Hu Branch, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: quintino.yang@gmail.com.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To examine the prevalence of obesity and related cardiovascular disease risk factors among Tibetan immigrants living in high altitude areas. RESEARCH METHODS & PROCEDURES: A total of 149 Tibetan immigrants aged 20 years and over were recruited in 2016 in Ladakh, India. Anthropometric indices and biochemical factors were measured. Using the provided Asia-Pacific criteria from the World Health Organization, overweight and obese status were determined. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) was defined according to the American Heart Association. RESULTS: In general, men were older, taller, and had a greater amount of fasting glucose, and uric acid when compared to women. The prevalence of overweight, general obesity, and central obesity was 23.4, 42.6, and 42.6% in men and 7.8, 64.7, and 69.6% in women, respectively. The prevalence of MetS was 10.6% in men and 33.3% in women, respectively. In older subjects, the prevalence of obesity and MetS was found to be greater. In both genders, the prevalence of hypertension, central obesity, and MetS was significantly different among these body mass index (BMI) groups. Compared to the non-central obesity group, the central obesity group has higher weight, BMI, body fat, hip circumference, systolic and diastolic BP, and prevalence of hypertension. No relationship was found between the prevalence of diabetes and fasting glucose and BMI groups or central obesity groups in both genders. CONCLUSIONS: Among this group of Tibetan immigrants living in high altitude areas, women have a higher prevalence of obesity and MetS than men. No relationship was found between diabetes and obesity.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the prevalence of obesity and related cardiovascular disease risk factors among Tibetan immigrants living in high altitude areas. RESEARCH METHODS & PROCEDURES: A total of 149 Tibetan immigrants aged 20 years and over were recruited in 2016 in Ladakh, India. Anthropometric indices and biochemical factors were measured. Using the provided Asia-Pacific criteria from the World Health Organization, overweight and obese status were determined. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) was defined according to the American Heart Association. RESULTS: In general, men were older, taller, and had a greater amount of fasting glucose, and uric acid when compared to women. The prevalence of overweight, general obesity, and central obesity was 23.4, 42.6, and 42.6% in men and 7.8, 64.7, and 69.6% in women, respectively. The prevalence of MetS was 10.6% in men and 33.3% in women, respectively. In older subjects, the prevalence of obesity and MetS was found to be greater. In both genders, the prevalence of hypertension, central obesity, and MetS was significantly different among these body mass index (BMI) groups. Compared to the non-central obesity group, the central obesity group has higher weight, BMI, body fat, hip circumference, systolic and diastolic BP, and prevalence of hypertension. No relationship was found between the prevalence of diabetes and fasting glucose and BMI groups or central obesity groups in both genders. CONCLUSIONS: Among this group of Tibetan immigrants living in high altitude areas, women have a higher prevalence of obesity and MetS than men. No relationship was found between diabetes and obesity.
Authors: Donald A McClain; Khadega A Abuelgasim; Mehdi Nouraie; Juan Salomon-Andonie; Xiaomei Niu; Galina Miasnikova; Lydia A Polyakova; Adelina Sergueeva; Daniel J Okhotin; Rabia Cherqaoui; David Okhotin; James E Cox; Sabina Swierczek; Jihyun Song; M Celeste Simon; Jingyu Huang; Judith A Simcox; Donghoon Yoon; Josef T Prchal; Victor R Gordeuk Journal: J Mol Med (Berl) Date: 2012-09-27 Impact factor: 4.599
Authors: Jesús Díaz-Gutiérrez; Miguel Ángel Martínez-González; Juan José Pons Izquierdo; Pedro González-Muniesa; J Alfredo Martínez; Maira Bes-Rastrollo Journal: PLoS One Date: 2016-11-03 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Emanuele Di Angelantonio; Shilpa Bhupathiraju; David Wormser; Pei Gao; Stephen Kaptoge; Amy Berrington de Gonzalez; Benjamin Cairns; Rachel Huxley; Chandra Jackson; Grace Joshy; Sarah Lewington; JoAnn Manson; Neil Murphy; Alpa Patel; Jonathan Samet; Mark Woodward; Wei Zheng; Maigen Zhou; Narinder Bansal; Aurelio Barricarte; Brian Carter; James Cerhan; George Smith; Xianghua Fang; Oscar Franco; Jane Green; Jim Halsey; Janet Hildebrand; Keum Jung; Rosemary Korda; Dale McLerran; Steven Moore; Linda O'Keeffe; Ellie Paige; Anna Ramond; Gillian Reeves; Betsy Rolland; Carlotta Sacerdote; Naveed Sattar; Eleni Sofianopoulou; June Stevens; Michael Thun; Hirotsugu Ueshima; Ling Yang; Young Yun; Peter Willeit; Emily Banks; Valerie Beral; Zhengming Chen; Susan Gapstur; Marc Gunter; Patricia Hartge; Sun Jee; Tai-Hing Lam; Richard Peto; John Potter; Walter Willett; Simon Thompson; John Danesh; Frank Hu Journal: Lancet Date: 2016-07-13 Impact factor: 79.321
Authors: Wen Peng; Ke Li; Alice F Yan; Zumin Shi; Junyi Zhang; Lawrence J Cheskin; Ahktar Hussain; Youfa Wang Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-07-19 Impact factor: 4.614
Authors: Xuzhen Qin; Ling Qiu; Guodong Tang; Man-Fung Tsoi; Tao Xu; Lin Zhang; Zhihong Qi; Guangjin Zhu; Bernard M Y Cheung Journal: BMC Public Health Date: 2020-03-06 Impact factor: 3.295
Authors: Khalid Khalaf Alharbi; Yazeed A Al-Sheikh; Muslim M Alsaadi; Balavenkatesh Mani; G K Udayaraja; Muhammad Kohailan; Imran Ali Khan Journal: Saudi J Biol Sci Date: 2019-09-09 Impact factor: 4.219