Genetic analysis of a novel reassortant H11N9 Isolated from waterfowl in South Korea in 2016.

Aquatic birds are known to harbor all the known influenza A viruses. In the winter of January 2016, we surveyed influenza A virus in the feces of migratory birds in South Korea. The novel re-assorted H11N9 avian influenza virus, which contains genes from avian influenza viruses of poultry and wild birds, was isolated. The polymerase basic 2 (PB2), polymerase basic 1 (PB1), hemagglutinin (HA), and nucleoprotein (NP) genes were most closely related to those of domestic duck-origin avian influenza viruses, while the non-structural (NS) gene was closely related to that of domestic goose-origin avian influenza virus. The polymerase acidic (PA), neuraminidase (NA), and matrix (M) genes were most similar to those of wild bird-origin avian influenza viruses. Our results suggested that the interaction between wild birds and domestic poultry could possibly create novel re-assorted avian influenza viruses circulating in wild birds.