BACKGROUND: Avian influenza virus (AIV) surveillance in birds is important for public health. Faecal droppings from wild-birds are more readily available for such studies, but the inability to identify the species-origin of faecal samples limits their value. OBJECTIVES: To develop, optimise, and field-test a method to simultaneously detect AIV and identify the species-origin from faecal samples. STUDY DESIGN: Analytical sensitivity of the species-identification RT-PCR was assessed on serial dilutions of faecal droppings. Overall sensitivity of the methods for species-identification and AIV detection was assessed on 92 faecal and cloacal samples collected from wildlife, poultry markets, and experimentally H5N1-infected birds. RESULTS: All 92 samples were correctly identified to 24 different species, with a detection limit of 2.8mug of faecal material. All 20 specimens previously shown by virus culture to be positive for influenza virus were correctly identified by RT-PCR for influenza A using the same nucleic-acid extracts used for species-identification. CONCLUSION: We have optimised and evaluated a method for identifying the species of origin and detecting AIV from bird faecal droppings that can be applied to routine surveillance of influenza viruses in wild-birds.
BACKGROUND:Avian influenza virus (AIV) surveillance in birds is important for public health. Faecal droppings from wild-birds are more readily available for such studies, but the inability to identify the species-origin of faecal samples limits their value. OBJECTIVES: To develop, optimise, and field-test a method to simultaneously detect AIV and identify the species-origin from faecal samples. STUDY DESIGN: Analytical sensitivity of the species-identification RT-PCR was assessed on serial dilutions of faecal droppings. Overall sensitivity of the methods for species-identification and AIV detection was assessed on 92 faecal and cloacal samples collected from wildlife, poultry markets, and experimentally H5N1-infected birds. RESULTS: All 92 samples were correctly identified to 24 different species, with a detection limit of 2.8mug of faecal material. All 20 specimens previously shown by virus culture to be positive for influenza virus were correctly identified by RT-PCR for influenza A using the same nucleic-acid extracts used for species-identification. CONCLUSION: We have optimised and evaluated a method for identifying the species of origin and detecting AIV from bird faecal droppings that can be applied to routine surveillance of influenza viruses in wild-birds.
Authors: K M Sturm-Ramirez; D J Hulse-Post; E A Govorkova; J Humberd; P Seiler; P Puthavathana; C Buranathai; T D Nguyen; A Chaisingh; H T Long; T S P Naipospos; H Chen; T M Ellis; Y Guan; J S M Peiris; R G Webster Journal: J Virol Date: 2005-09 Impact factor: 5.103
Authors: Juthatip Keawcharoen; Debby van Riel; Geert van Amerongen; Theo Bestebroer; Walter E Beyer; Rob van Lavieren; Albert D M E Osterhaus; Ron A M Fouchier; Thijs Kuiken Journal: Emerg Infect Dis Date: 2008-04 Impact factor: 6.883
Authors: Daniel K W Chu; Connie Y H Leung; Martin Gilbert; Priscilla H Joyner; Erica M Ng; Tsemay M Tse; Yi Guan; Joseph S M Peiris; Leo L M Poon Journal: J Virol Date: 2011-09-28 Impact factor: 5.103
Authors: Daniel K W Chu; Connie Y H Leung; Harsha K K Perera; Erica M Ng; Martin Gilbert; Priscilla H Joyner; Alessandro Grioni; Gary Ades; Yi Guan; Joseph S M Peiris; Leo L M Poon Journal: J Virol Date: 2012-10-03 Impact factor: 5.103
Authors: Shailesh D Pawar; Satish A Pande; Deeksha S Tare; Sachin S Keng; Sadhana S Kode; Dinesh K Singh; Jayati Mullick Journal: Food Environ Virol Date: 2017-10-31 Impact factor: 2.778
Authors: Francisco Javier Martínez-Lobo; Álvaro Hidalgo; Marta García; Héctor Argüello; Germán Naharro; Ana Carvajal; Pedro Rubio Journal: PLoS One Date: 2013-12-04 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: S Espín; A J García-Fernández; D Herzke; R F Shore; B van Hattum; E Martínez-López; M Coeurdassier; I Eulaers; C Fritsch; P Gómez-Ramírez; V L B Jaspers; O Krone; G Duke; B Helander; R Mateo; P Movalli; C Sonne; N W van den Brink Journal: Ecotoxicology Date: 2016-03-05 Impact factor: 2.823
Authors: Kirsi S Honkavuori; Thomas Briese; Scott Krauss; Maria D Sanchez; Komal Jain; Stephen K Hutchison; Robert G Webster; W Ian Lipkin Journal: PLoS One Date: 2014-04-03 Impact factor: 3.240