Sandra Mandic1, Enrique García Bengoechea2, Kirsten J Coppell3, John C Spence4. 1. Active Living Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand;, Email: sandra.mandic@otago.ac.nz. 2. Participatory Research at McGill, Department of Family Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada. 3. Department of Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. 4. Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Healthy lifestyle habits set the stage for healthy behaviors in adulthood. We examined clustering of health behaviors (physical activity [PA], screen time, fruit and vegetable [F&V] intake) and weight status in New Zealand adolescents. METHODS: Adolescents from Dunedin, New Zealand (N = 1300; 49.0% male; 15.3±1.4 years) completed a questionnaire about PA, screen time (TV/computer/video games), and F&V intake. Height and weight were measured. A 2-step cluster analysis was completed. RESULTS: Few adolescents met individual guidelines (17.9% PA, 14.2% screen time, 29.8% F&V intake) and only 2.5% met all 3 guidelines. Weight status was 3.2%/69.6%/20.5%/6.8% for underweight/healthy weight/overweight/obese. Six clusters were identified: (1) non-adherent (not meeting any guideline) adolescents with healthy weight (38.8%); (2) non-adherent with unhealthy weight (15.4%); (3) semi-adherent (meeting some guidelines) with unhealthy weight (11.8%); (4) physically active with healthy weight (13.4%); (5) low screen time with healthy weight (7.1%); and (6) healthy F&V intake with healthy weight (13.5%). CONCLUSIONS: Few adolescents met recommended health behavior guidelines; yet, two-thirds had a healthy weight. The identified clusters had distinct sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics. Future interventions should be comprehensive and consider socioeconomic structural factors.
OBJECTIVES: Healthy lifestyle habits set the stage for healthy behaviors in adulthood. We examined clustering of health behaviors (physical activity [PA], screen time, fruit and vegetable [F&V] intake) and weight status in New Zealand adolescents. METHODS: Adolescents from Dunedin, New Zealand (N = 1300; 49.0% male; 15.3±1.4 years) completed a questionnaire about PA, screen time (TV/computer/video games), and F&V intake. Height and weight were measured. A 2-step cluster analysis was completed. RESULTS: Few adolescents met individual guidelines (17.9% PA, 14.2% screen time, 29.8% F&V intake) and only 2.5% met all 3 guidelines. Weight status was 3.2%/69.6%/20.5%/6.8% for underweight/healthy weight/overweight/obese. Six clusters were identified: (1) non-adherent (not meeting any guideline) adolescents with healthy weight (38.8%); (2) non-adherent with unhealthy weight (15.4%); (3) semi-adherent (meeting some guidelines) with unhealthy weight (11.8%); (4) physically active with healthy weight (13.4%); (5) low screen time with healthy weight (7.1%); and (6) healthy F&V intake with healthy weight (13.5%). CONCLUSIONS: Few adolescents met recommended health behavior guidelines; yet, two-thirds had a healthy weight. The identified clusters had distinct sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics. Future interventions should be comprehensive and consider socioeconomic structural factors.
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