Isabelle C Van Gelder1, Jeff S Healey2, Harry J G M Crijns3, Jia Wang2, Stefan H Hohnloser4, Michael R Gold5, Alessandro Capucci6, Chu-Pak Lau7, Carlos A Morillo2, Anne H Hobbelt1, Michiel Rienstra1, Stuart J Connolly2. 1. Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands. 2. Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, 237 Barton Street East, Hamilton, ON L8L 2X2, Canada. 3. Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), P. Debyelaan 25, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands. 4. Department of Cardiology, J.W. Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany. 5. Division of Cardiology, Medical University of South Carolina, 114 Doughty Street, MSC 592, Charleston, SC 29425-5920, USA. 6. Clinica di Cardiologia, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Conca 71, Ancona 60126, Italy. 7. Cardiology Division, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: ASSERT demonstrated that subclinical atrial fibrillation (SCAF) is common in pacemaker patients without prior AF and is associated with increased risk of ischemic stroke or systemic embolism. SCAF episodes vary in duration and little is known about the incidence of different durations of SCAF, or their prognosis. METHODS AND RESULTS: ASSERT followed 2580 patients receiving a pacemaker or ICD, aged >65 years with hypertension, without prior AF. The effect of SCAF duration on subsequent risk of ischemic stroke or embolism was evaluated with time-dependent covariate Cox models. Patients in whom the longest SCAF was ≤6 min were excluded from the analysis (n=125). Among 2455 patients during mean follow-up of 2.5 years, the longest single episode of SCAF lasted >6 min to 6 h in 462 patients (18.8%), >6-24 h in 169 (6.9%), and >24 h in 262 (10.7%). SCAF duration >24 h was associated with a significant increased risk of subsequent stroke or systemic embolism (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 3.24, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.51-6.95, P=0.003). The risk of ischemic stroke or systemic embolism in patients with SCAF between 6 min and 24 h was not significantly different from patients without SCAF. CONCLUSIONS: SCAF >24 h is associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke or systemic embolism. Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved.
BACKGROUND: ASSERT demonstrated that subclinical atrial fibrillation (SCAF) is common in pacemaker patients without prior AF and is associated with increased risk of ischemic stroke or systemic embolism. SCAF episodes vary in duration and little is known about the incidence of different durations of SCAF, or their prognosis. METHODS AND RESULTS: ASSERT followed 2580 patients receiving a pacemaker or ICD, aged >65 years with hypertension, without prior AF. The effect of SCAF duration on subsequent risk of ischemic stroke or embolism was evaluated with time-dependent covariate Cox models. Patients in whom the longest SCAF was ≤6 min were excluded from the analysis (n=125). Among 2455 patients during mean follow-up of 2.5 years, the longest single episode of SCAF lasted >6 min to 6 h in 462 patients (18.8%), >6-24 h in 169 (6.9%), and >24 h in 262 (10.7%). SCAF duration >24 h was associated with a significant increased risk of subsequent stroke or systemic embolism (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 3.24, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.51-6.95, P=0.003). The risk of ischemic stroke or systemic embolism in patients with SCAF between 6 min and 24 h was not significantly different from patients without SCAF. CONCLUSIONS: SCAF >24 h is associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke or systemic embolism. Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved.
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